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Sociology Of Sport > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a theory?

A

Tool used to understand the human social world
They are carefully thought-out explanations or propositions about the social world and people’s engagement within that world
They withstand the test of time through verification and application
Goes beyond common sense

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2
Q

Why is a theory used in sport?

A

To understand the role that sport and physical activity play in the social world

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3
Q

Why do we use theory?

A

Sociological theory encourages us to think about and evaluate social conditions both as they currently are and by putting those conditions into historical context

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4
Q

What is hazing?

A

If you’re a rookie on the team, the older teammates make you do stupid things to be part of the team

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5
Q

What is microsociology?

A

Attempts to understand real-life behaviours of people in society
Examines social interactions
Tries to understand how people understand the world around them
It’s the actual people involved and their interactions

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6
Q

What is macrosociology?

A

Grand theories
Society as a whole
Emphasis on structural processes rather than personal interactions

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7
Q

What is structural functionalism?

A

Each of the institutions, relationships, roles, and norms that together constitute a society serves a purpose and each is indispensable for the continued existence of the others and of society as a whole

Society is viewed as a complex system so all the systems need to work together to promote stability for society to work

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8
Q

What does Emile Durkheim say about suicide?

A

Says that someone would take their life because something in their society isn’t stable.

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9
Q

Is structural functionalism a microsociology or a macrosociology?

A

Macrosociology

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10
Q

What is functionalism in sport?

A

According to structural functionalists, sport creates group bonds. It encourages a sense of community
It integrates people into society’s dominant values
Sport acts symbolically to represent what is important for communities and ties people in them together

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11
Q

True of false: sport is a significant agent of socialization?

A

True

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12
Q

What is socialization?

A

The process by which people are taught to be proficient members of society
It’s how we learn to behave in society
Mostly applies to children

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13
Q

What does Karl Marx believe?

A

He believed that the economic conditions lay the foundation for social life.the economy shaped social systems and people’s lives within those systems

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14
Q

What theory did Karl Marx invent?

A

The conflict theory
With the systems there’s conflict to gain control over resources = power
Rich vs poor

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15
Q

What is Max Webers theory?

A

He says that that Karl Marx’s theory is valid but that conflict can’t only be around the economy
Weber divides it into 3 categories: economic conflict, political conflict and social conflict based on values

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16
Q

Is the conflict theory a microsociology or a macrosociology?

A

Macrosociology

17
Q

Weber argued that conflict led to what?

A

To a greater emphasis on goal-rational action
Human action involving the most calculated and rationalized means toward achieving a particular end

18
Q

What is the problem in sport with the Weber theory of conflict?

A

High-performance athletes feel the need to win so they sacrifice health, time with fam, ethics, etc

19
Q

What is the NHL lockout?

A

The NHL didn’t want contracts
The teams were too good so they didn’t have competition and lost viewers
They put salary caps
That caused class conflict between the owners and athletes

20
Q

What is symbolic interactionism?

A

Constructed based on interactions and meanings we give the world. It’s the way we come to understand the world
Meaning we bring to our social world creates the meaning we bring to our own lives
We assign meaning to things to decide how to act

21
Q

What is the I in symbolic interactionism?

A

The response to the Me. The I thinks about these interactions, it processes them. The individual identity stepping it to process what society expects. Our personal responses to what society thinks

What you want to do

22
Q

What is the Me in symbolic interactionism?

A

Our social self. What we learn through interactions with others. How we think others see us. It’s society’s view and what is expects from you

Ex: graduate, get a job, have a family

23
Q

What are the three tenets of symbolic interactionism?

A
  • We act based on the meaning we have given something
  • the same thing can have different meanings for different people. So we act differently
  • the meaning we give something is not permanent. It can change
24
Q

What is symbolic interactionism in sport?

A

Children learn though sport, through interactions

There’s also subcultures created through interactions
- members of a subculture form their own language, belief system, norms and identity

25
Q

Is symbolic interactionism a microsociology or a macrosociology?

A

Microsociology

26
Q

What do critical social theories do?

A

They expand on notions of power and authority to include gender and sexuality as well as race

27
Q

What is hegemony?

A

Explains how power is maintained
Belief that the power of dominant classes is maintained through a process of developing consent among the populace
Dominance through consent can happen in a structural sense in which a lower-class makes compromises with a ruling class

28
Q

What is the feminist mouvement?

A

The belief that women have rights to all benefits and privileges of social life with men
The right to choose to participate in sport and physical activity without prejudice

29
Q

What is critical race studies?

A

Examines the important role of race and racism in the shaping of sporting traditions in history and how they continue to shape it today

30
Q

What are the 3 things that critical race studies are interested in?

A
  • the manner in which sport and physical activity play important roles in the development of ethnic cultural beliefs and heritage
  • the manner in which certain ethnic in Canada have been privileged at the expense of others (how people were treated)
  • the manner in which ideas about race have been naturalized or reinforced through sport (stereotypes)
31
Q

Who are Smith and Carlos?

A

2 black Olympic medalists who used the Olympic stage to speak up against racism at the 1968 Mexico Olympic Games

32
Q

What is the sociological imagination for the NHL player Steve Montador?

A
  • he died from too many concussions
    Focusing on the player and only the player
    Vs
    Focusing on the social, historical, and economic forces that have transformed the game of hockey
  • what the league is doing or not doing about injuries
33
Q

Why do suicide rates go down during international sport events?

A

Because there’s social stability
- makes you feel part of something
- brings people together

34
Q

What is the conflict with the gouvernement funds?

A

The gouvernement gave 62 millions dollars to help the Canadian athletes for the Olympic Games but it wasn’t fair between the athletes
- the athletes that the gouvernement thought would win got more money
- the sports that are a Canadian symbol
- the athletes who have a winning history

35
Q

What is an example of hegemony in sports?

A

The Olympic Games
the IOC (international Olympic Committee) dominate the event and have complete control
- if a country doesn’t agree with the IOC they can’t play in the games

FIFA has control over européen soccer

36
Q

What are the indigenous games?

A

In 1990 Trudeau ignored the indigenous people so they created their own games to show their part in the country

37
Q

What did the NFL do when they lost viewers and business?

A

They wanted more kids to watch football so that people start to like it again so they made
- football cartoons
- fantasy football
- football things for classrooms
- ads
- toys
They also involved moms to show them how safe football is

Sociology Of Sport (12 decks)

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