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Sociology Of Sport > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sociology?

A

The study of human social behaviour
Investigation of the origins, classifications, institutions and development of human society

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2
Q

What does sociology look at or examine?

A

Social interactions between humans, groups and societies
The way that social structures, power relations and institutions enable and constrain individuals and groups (nous permet ou nous prévient de faire des choses. Ex: rules to follow)

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3
Q

Why are social interactions very important?

A

Because interactions make us who we are (sports, school, etc)

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4
Q

What are examples of power relations?

A

White vs Black, poor vs rich, men vs woman

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5
Q

What is sociology of sport?

A

Research concerned with relationships between sport and society

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6
Q

What do we look at in sociology of sport?

A

The role of sport in social and cultural life
The role of sociology in sport

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7
Q

What is studied in sociology of sport?

A

Social agents
Institutions and social structures
Processes that occur within sport

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8
Q

What are examples of social agents in sociology of sport?

A

Coaches, athletes, fans, refs, parents, sponcers, etc

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9
Q

What are examples of institutions and social structures in sociology of sport?

A

Education, media, economics, politics, religion

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10
Q

What are examples of processes that occur within sport in sociology of sport?

A

Inequality, violence or deviance, racism, sexism, class structures, power relations

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11
Q

Instead of thinking that sport is a reflection of society, think that_______?

A

Sport is a world in its own rights with its own life, contradictions and own rules.
Sport is shaped by the social world around us but it also actively shapes the social world. Sport greately impacts society (ex: olympics)

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12
Q

Instead of looking at a problem on a personal level (ex: why athletes use drugs) what does sociology look at?

A

Looks at the impact of the environment on the athlete
- Structural issues with the sport itself
- Higher demands on high-performance sports
- Higher financial rewards
Ex: olympics -> winning for your country

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13
Q

What are the sociological variables?

A

Gender, race, age, social class, education levels, geographic locations, socioeconomic status

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14
Q

What is sport?

A

A physical activity that can be competitive yet fun, practiced towards a specific goal which follows rules and a sporting spirit defined around the idea of equity, loyalty and the desire to win

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15
Q

What is equity?

A

Recognize that everyone has different capabilities or a different situation and allocates the necessary ressources and opportunities to reach an equal outcome

Evaluating everyone’s needs to make it fair for everyone

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16
Q

What are the 7 characteristics in modern sport?

A

Secularism
Equality
Specialization
Rationalization
Bureaucratization
Quantification
Records

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17
Q

What is an institutionalized sport?

A

When one way of playing becomes the way of playing

18
Q

What is secularism?

A

When it’s not tied to religion
Not bound to religious ceremonies or cantered around religious organizations. Not played in honour of God

19
Q

What is equality?

A

Participation for all

20
Q

What’s specialization?

A

Athletes are specialized
Ex: American football -> players play a position for what they train for specifically

21
Q

What’s rationalization?

A

Scientific method
Athletes are trained using scientific methods and follow prescribed diets and routines

22
Q

What is bureaucratization?

A

Part of a large structure
Governing bodies make rules, set games, keep records

23
Q

What is quantification?

A

Everything is measured and tracked

24
Q

What are records?

A

Being the best
Ex: medal count

25
Q

What are the 4 categories that sport is divided into?

A

Sport-Education
Sport-Participation
Elite Sport
Sport-Spectacle

26
Q

What is Sport-Education?

A

Gym class
Sport in the education system
Usually from ages 6 to the end of high school
In this case: sport is mandatory

27
Q

What is Sport-Participation?

A

Defined by a sense of free-play
Playing in the streets
Linked to the idea of health and personal entertainment

28
Q

What is elite sport?

A

Restricted to a minority who have mastered specific techniques related to their sport of choice.
Oriented towards the training champions via sport federations, sporting clubs, competitions, organizing committees
Based on money, coaches, sport
Ex: NBA, NHL, NFL

29
Q

What is sport spectacle?

A

Assisting to a spectacle but not participating
Focused on consumption in order to make a profit
Fans, attendees, media, sponsors

30
Q

Why is sport important?

A

Sport is omnipresent (media, on our phones, etc)
Sport defines us (victory for a Canadian is victory for Canada)
Sport unites us (we are all team Canada)
Sport divides us (fights and brawl)
We watch sport, we play sport, we discuss sport, we fantasize sport
We learn through sport and we teach through sport
Sport has been around for a long time
Sport teaches us about politics, geography, sociology, medicine, psychology
Sport is shaped by external issues which allows us to learn about those issues (BLM, LGBTQ)

31
Q

What is the sociological imagination?

A

The ability to grasp history (the social) and biography (the personal) and the relations between the 2 within society
Yourself vs the system

32
Q

What is personal troubles of milieu?

A

Our personal troubles
Ex: hectic schedules, finances
They can usually be solved in our own personal milieu

33
Q

What are the public issues or social structure?

A

Pertain to the organization and larger structures
Cannot be resolved by simply making changes in your personal life
Ex: a global economic crash

34
Q

What are the 3 sensivities of the social imagination?

A

Historical sensitivity
Comparative sensitivity
Critical sensitivity

35
Q

What is historical sensitivity?

A

Personal experience must be understood in larger frames of history and historical change
To understand the sporting present, you must understand the past

36
Q

What is comparative sensitivity?

A

Understanding that society and sport have been socially construed according to different meanings and forms in various cultures
We see that sport isn’t the same everywhere and that’s ok

37
Q

What is critical sensitivity?

A

To think critically about relationships of power and social changes

38
Q

What is social structure?

A

Patterned relationships that connect different parts of society to one another
Decides what we do or how we act
We don’t have total control because of obligations, external factors, responsibilities
Everything in society that structures it. Something that tells us what to do

39
Q

What is an agency?

A

Ability of individuals and groups to act in a goal-oriented manner and to pursue their own free choices to both act and shape society
(Dans le but de rendre la vie plus facile mais le font avec leurs propres moyens)

40
Q

What are ressources?

A

The capacities that enable individuals or groups to engage in various practices
Basically what you have (financial, material, staff)

41
Q

What is power?

A

The capacity of a person or group to employ resources of different types in order to secure outcomes, even against oppositions

42
Q

With power, what can someone do?

A
  • structure sport in preferred ways and institutionalize these preferences in sport rules and organizations
  • establish selective sports traditions
    Define the range of legitimate practices and meanings associated with dominant sports practices (determine what you can or can’t do)

Sociology Of Sport (12 decks)

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