Unit 19&18 Flashcards
And individual living thing; examples: a mouse, and ant, a mountain lion.
Organism
A group of similar organisms that can be interbred in produce fertile offspring
Species
Organisms of the same species that live in the same place and at the same time
Population
Different populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time
Community
A community of living organisms plus their nonliving environment
Ecosystem
The living organisms in an ecosystem
Biotic factors
Nonliving parts of an ecosystem; examples: rocks, soil, air, water
Abiotic factors
All of the combined ecosystems of the world where organisms can live
Biosphere
And organisms roll on its environment
Niche
The place where an organism lives
Habitat
An animal that eats plants
Herbivore
An animal that catches and eats another animal
Predator
An animal that is subject to being caught and eaten by another animal
Prey
An animal that eats only meat
Carnivore
An animal that eats both plants and animals
Omnivores
The conflict between organisms when they try to use the same resources at the same time
Competition
The idea that two different species compete for the same resources, one will survive and the other will not
Competition exclusion
Relationship among members of a population that helps one another; example: hunting as a pack
Cooperation
The relationship between two species that live closely together
Symbiotic relationship
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit
Mutalism
A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship which one species benefits but the other is harmed
Parasitism
An organism that gets its nutrients by feeding on other living organisms
Parasite
An organism on which a parasite feeds
Host
Organism that makes it’s own food usually by using energy from the sun
Autotroph/producer
Organism that cannot make its own food and musket energy by eating producers are other consumers
Heterotroph/consumer
A consumer that eats producers usually plans
Primary consumer
A consumer that eats a primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Consumer that eats a secondary consumer
A tertiary consumer
Organism that eats dead or decaying organisms
Decomposer/saprotroph
A simple representation of how energy is passed from a producer to a consumer
Food chain
A more complex representation of how energy is passed from producers to consumer’s in an ecosystem
Food web
Each step in a food chain that represents how many times energy has been transferred from one organism to the next
Trophic level
A representation in the shape of a pure amid that shows how energies passed from one trophic level to the next
Energy Pyramid
Animal at the top of a food chain; usually a carnivore that has no natural predators.
Top consumer/top predator
The part of the earth where living organisms are found
Biosphere
The cycles that love water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen through living and no living parts of an ecosystem
Biogeochemical cycles
Water that travels from the atmosphere to the ground
Precipitation
The evaporation of water from the leaves
Transpiration
A plant process that uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates
Photosynthesis
Different types of sugars made by plants
Carbohydrates
Process used by all living organisms that uses energy from carbohydrates and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
Cellular respiration
The burning of fossil fuels
Combustion
A type of bacteria found living in the soil or not on root nodules; convert nitrogen gas into ammonia
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
A process that converts nitrogen gas into ammonia
Nitrogen fixation
A process that converts ammonia into nitrates and nitrites
Nitrification
A process that converts nitrates in the soil back into atmospheric nitrogen gas
Denitrification
The Study of living things as interact with their environment.
Ecology
