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Biology > Unit 19&18 > Flashcards

Unit 19&18 Flashcards

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1
Q

And individual living thing; examples: a mouse, and ant, a mountain lion.

A

Organism

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2
Q

A group of similar organisms that can be interbred in produce fertile offspring

A

Species

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3
Q

Organisms of the same species that live in the same place and at the same time

A

Population

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4
Q

Different populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time

A

Community

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5
Q

A community of living organisms plus their nonliving environment

A

Ecosystem

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6
Q

The living organisms in an ecosystem

A

Biotic factors

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7
Q

Nonliving parts of an ecosystem; examples: rocks, soil, air, water

A

Abiotic factors

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8
Q

All of the combined ecosystems of the world where organisms can live

A

Biosphere

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9
Q

And organisms roll on its environment

A

Niche

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10
Q

The place where an organism lives

A

Habitat

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11
Q

An animal that eats plants

A

Herbivore

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12
Q

An animal that catches and eats another animal

A

Predator

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13
Q

An animal that is subject to being caught and eaten by another animal

A

Prey

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14
Q

An animal that eats only meat

A

Carnivore

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15
Q

An animal that eats both plants and animals

A

Omnivores

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16
Q

The conflict between organisms when they try to use the same resources at the same time

A

Competition

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17
Q

The idea that two different species compete for the same resources, one will survive and the other will not

A

Competition exclusion

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18
Q

Relationship among members of a population that helps one another; example: hunting as a pack

A

Cooperation

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19
Q

The relationship between two species that live closely together

A

Symbiotic relationship

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20
Q

A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit

A

Mutalism

21
Q

A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

A

Commensalism

22
Q

A symbiotic relationship which one species benefits but the other is harmed

A

Parasitism

23
Q

An organism that gets its nutrients by feeding on other living organisms

A

Parasite

24
Q

An organism on which a parasite feeds

A

Host

25
Q

Organism that makes it’s own food usually by using energy from the sun

A

Autotroph/producer

26
Q

Organism that cannot make its own food and musket energy by eating producers are other consumers

A

Heterotroph/consumer

27
Q

A consumer that eats producers usually plans

A

Primary consumer

28
Q

A consumer that eats a primary consumer

A

Secondary consumer

29
Q

Consumer that eats a secondary consumer

A

A tertiary consumer

30
Q

Organism that eats dead or decaying organisms

A

Decomposer/saprotroph

31
Q

A simple representation of how energy is passed from a producer to a consumer

A

Food chain

32
Q

A more complex representation of how energy is passed from producers to consumer’s in an ecosystem

A

Food web

33
Q

Each step in a food chain that represents how many times energy has been transferred from one organism to the next

A

Trophic level

34
Q

A representation in the shape of a pure amid that shows how energies passed from one trophic level to the next

A

Energy Pyramid

35
Q

Animal at the top of a food chain; usually a carnivore that has no natural predators.

A

Top consumer/top predator

36
Q

The part of the earth where living organisms are found

A

Biosphere

37
Q

The cycles that love water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen through living and no living parts of an ecosystem

A

Biogeochemical cycles

38
Q

Water that travels from the atmosphere to the ground

A

Precipitation

39
Q

The evaporation of water from the leaves

A

Transpiration

40
Q

A plant process that uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates

A

Photosynthesis

41
Q

Different types of sugars made by plants

A

Carbohydrates

42
Q

Process used by all living organisms that uses energy from carbohydrates and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

A

Cellular respiration

43
Q

The burning of fossil fuels

A

Combustion

44
Q

A type of bacteria found living in the soil or not on root nodules; convert nitrogen gas into ammonia

A

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

45
Q

A process that converts nitrogen gas into ammonia

A

Nitrogen fixation

46
Q

A process that converts ammonia into nitrates and nitrites

A

Nitrification

47
Q

A process that converts nitrates in the soil back into atmospheric nitrogen gas

A

Denitrification

48
Q

The Study of living things as interact with their environment.

A

Ecology

Biology (16 decks)

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