Chapter 13&14

Question 1

One of the first scientists to disprove spontaneous generation by showing that flies come from other flies.

Answer 1

Francesco Redi

Question 2

Scientist who believed he proved spontaneous generation occurs for microorganisms but he didn’t realize that the microogranisms could be found in the air.

Answer 2

John Needman

Question 3

The idea that living organisms are created from nonliving matter.

Answer 3

Spontaneous generation

Question 4

Scientists who believed he disproved spontaneous generation by designing an experiment that kept heated broth from being re-contaminated by air.

Answer 4

Lazzaro Spallanzani

Question 5

Scientist who finally disproved spontaneous generation by designing an experiment that confirms that micro organisms can be found in the air

Answer 5

Louis Pastuer

Question 6

A scientific law that states that living organisms only come from other living organisms

Answer 6

Biogenesis

Question 7

Theory that states that organisms have changed gradually over a long period of time to form new organisms

Answer 7

Theory of evolution

Question 8

The theory of evolution that states gradual changes in living organisms have resulted in more complex organisms

Answer 8

Organic evolution

Question 9

Scientist who is credited with one of the first series of evolution; believed that organisms change over time from simple to more complex by passing on acquired traits to offspring

Answer 9

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Question 10

The father of evolution, who believed that a process called natural selection explains how organisms evolved over time

Answer 10

Charles Darwin

Question 11

The idea that organisms better suited for their environment survive and reproduce

Answer 11

Natural selection

Question 12

Scientist who believed human population growth would lead to poverty and famine

Answer 12

Thomas Mathlus

Question 13

Geologist who believed that natural selection at the same time that Darwin was developing his theory.

Answer 13

Charles Lyell

Question 14

Changes in the genetic code

Answer 14

Mutations

Question 15

A recession of Darwin’s original theory of evolution to include modern genetics.

Answer 15

Neo-Darwinism

Question 16

The combined ideas of Alexander Oparin and J.B.S Haldane

Answer 16

Oparin-Haldane hypothesis

Question 17

Scientists who formed amino acids and other simple organic compounds in a laboratory experiment by reacting ammonia, methane, and hydrogen gases mixed with water vapor.

Answer 17

Stanley Miller/Harold Urey

Question 18

Scientist who heated amino acids to form protein-like spheres

Answer 18

Sidney Fox

Question 19

Existing without oxygen

Answer 19

Anaerobic

Question 20

Unable to make food; requiring food from an outside source

Answer 20

Heterotrophic

Question 21

A cell that contains no nucleus

Answer 21

Prokaryote

Question 22

Able to make food from either the Suns energy or from other chemicals

Answer 22

Autotrophic

Question 23

A cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Answer 23

Eukaryote

Question 24

Theory that explains the Irgun or mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells

Answer 24

Endosymbiotic theory

Question 25

A relationship between two organisms where at least one benefits

Answer 25

Symbiotic relationship

Question 26

The branch of biology that classifies organisms into taxa (from kingdom to species)

Answer 26

Taxamony

Question 27

The father of taxamony to classify organisms in groups within groups

Answer 27

Carl Linnaeus

Question 28

The largest taxon that contains the greatest diversities of organisms

Answer 28

Kingdom

Question 29

The smallest taxon; represents a group of organisms that can be interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Answer 29

Species

Question 30

A system the names each organism by giving its genus and species

Answer 30

Binomial nomenclature

Question 31

A system that names an organism by giving it’s genus and species followed by its subspecies or variety

Answer 31

Trinonial nomenclature

Question 32

Scientist who came up with the theory of evolution by means of natural selection at the same time that Darwin was developing his theory

Answer 32

Alfred Russel Wallace