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Biology > Section 6&7 > Flashcards

Section 6&7 Flashcards

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1
Q

A barrier that separates a cell from its surroundings

A

Cell membrane

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2
Q

Molecules in a cell that contain genetic information

A

DNA

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3
Q

Simple cells that do not have a nucleus; this type of cell is found in bacteria

A

Prokaryotic cells

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4
Q

Cells that have a true nucleus and make up all other organisms other than bacteria

A

Eukaryotic cells

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5
Q

Long, hairlike filaments that some single-cel led organisms use to propel them forward

A

Flagella

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6
Q

Short, hairlike projection that some cells use for movement

A

Cilia

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7
Q

Cellulose structure that surrounds plant cells and gives them support and protection

A

Cell wall

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8
Q

A type of carbohydrate that is unique to plants; found in the cell walls of plants and is also called “fiber”

A

Cellulose

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9
Q

A large organelle in most plant cells that is filled mostly with water and helps to give the cell structural support

A

Vacuole

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10
Q

Organelles that are unique to plant cells (and some types of algae); used in photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

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11
Q

A process used by plants that convert light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen

A

Photosynthesis

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12
Q

The smallest unit of life

A

Cell

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13
Q

Process that creates different types of specialized cells

A

Cellular differentiation

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14
Q

A group of cells that work together to perform of function

A

Tissue

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15
Q

Different types of tissue that work together to perform a function

A

Organ

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16
Q

Different organs that work together to carry out a function

A

Organ system

17
Q

The process of keeping the internal conditions in an organism stable

A

Homeostasis

18
Q

The movement of materials into and out of cells

A

Cellular transport

19
Q

The membrane that surrounds the contents of a cell and allows only certain things into and out of the cell only

A

Cell membrane

20
Q

A property of cell membranes that allows certain things to cross but not to others

A

Selectively permeable

21
Q

The smallest unit of life

A

Cell

22
Q

The two layers of phospholipid molecules arranged tail to tail that help to make up cell membranes

A

Phospholipid bilayer

23
Q

Process such as endocytosis and exocytosis that require some of the cells energy

A

Active transport

24
Q

Process such as osmosis and diffusion that do not require energy

A

Passive transport

25
Q

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Diffusion

26
Q

A difference in the concentration of ions or other dissolved particles between two regions

A

Concentration gradient

27
Q

The state of having equal concentrations

A

Equilibrium

28
Q

The diffusion of molecules across a membrane through special proteins in the membrane

A

faciliated diffusion

29
Q

Proteins present in the cell membrane that allows different types of substances to pass through the membrane

A

Transport proteins

30
Q

The movement of water across a membrane

A

Osmosis

31
Q

Dissolved particles

A

Solute

32
Q

Having a higher solute concentration outside the cell and causing the cell to shrink

A

Hypertonic

33
Q

Having a higher solute concentration inside the cell and causing the cell to swell

A

Hypotonic

34
Q

Having equal solute concentration inside and outside the cell

A

Isotonic

35
Q

A process that requires energy to move a substance from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

A

Active transport

36
Q

A protein present in the cell membrane that helps to move materials into and out of the cell

A

Transport protein

37
Q

Process used by cells to take in a large particles

A

Endocytosis

38
Q

Process used by cells to release materials out of the cell

A

Exocytosis

Biology (16 decks)

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