Section 16 Flashcards
Scientists who study plants
Botanists
“Tubes” that move water and nutrients throughout some plants
Vascular system
The next largest taxon used for plants under kingdom; same as “phylum” used in other kingdoms
Division
Plants that do not contain vascular tissue; examples: mosses and liverworts
Nonvascular plants
Plants that do contain vascular tissue but produce spores and instead of seeds; example: ferns
Seedless vascular plants
Vascular plants that may produce seeds in a cone; example: Pinetree
Gymnosperms
Vascular plants that produce seeds by flowers; example: Apple tree
Angiosperms
A term used to describe all nonvascular plants such as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
Bryophytes
Root like structures that anchor mosses
Rhizoids
A term for all vascular plants
Tracheophyte
“Tubes” that move water and nutrients throughout some plants
Vascular tissue
The tissues that transport water and nutrients up the plant (from the roots up to the stem and to the leaves)
Xylem
The tissues that carry food from the leaves to wherever it is needed
Phloem
The thick underground stems of ferns
Rhizomes
The leaves of ferns
Fronds
Brownish spore cases found on the underside of fern fronds
Sporangia
A vascular plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit
Gymnosperm
A type of gymnosperm that produced seeds in cones
Conifers
A gametophyte structure that carries the male gamete
Pollen
The transfer of pollen from the male structure to the female structures of a plant
Pollination
A vascular plant that produces flowers
Angiosperm
A leaf part of an embryo that is present in a seed; also called the “seed leaf”
Cotyledon
Flowering plant that has only one cotyledon per seed
Monocot
Flowering plant that has two cotyledon per seed
Divot
Female part of the flower (also called the carpel)
Pistil
The part of the pistil that contains egg cells (female gametes)
Ovary
Male part of the flower
Stamen
The part of the stamen that produces pollen
Anther
Small structures that contain sperm cells (male gamete)
Pollen
In angiosperms the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female pistil
Pollination
The Union of sperm and egg
Fertilization
