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BPK 140 > Unit 13 - Environmental health > Flashcards

Unit 13 - Environmental health Flashcards

1
Q

what is environmental health

A

the collective interactions of humans with the environment and the short & long term consequences of these interactions

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2
Q

what makes up the environment

A

the unique skin of soil, water, gaseous atmosphere, minerals, nutrients, and organisms that covers this planet

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3
Q

what is the Anthropocene

A

the epoch representing the commencement of substantial human impact on the earth’s systems

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4
Q

what does the world’s increasing population effect?

A

clean and disease free food and water; available land and water; energy; maximum acceptable standard of living

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5
Q

what rate is the world’s population increasing at

A

160 every minute/ 83 million per year

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6
Q

what are the two factors that contribute to population growth

A

fertility rate and lower death rates

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7
Q

why have there been lower death rates

A

better medical care, and better socio-economic status

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8
Q

why has there been a higher fertility rate

A

lack of family planning resources

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9
Q

what does the Brundtland report highlight

A

the importance of the global environment to our survival

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10
Q

what are the non renewable energy humans consume

A

oil, gas, coal, hydro-electric, and nuclear

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11
Q

what are the renewable energy resources that human consume

A

solar, wind, water and wave, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels

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12
Q

what are the health impacts of human energy consumption

A

pollutants, deforestation, waste products, sewage, solid waste, toxic waste, decreased biodiversity, ecosystem impacts, and greenhouse effects.

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13
Q

what is the greenhouse effect

A

the warming of earth caused by a buildup of carbon dioxide and certain other gasses

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14
Q

what is global warming

A

an increase in Earth’s atmospheric temperature when averaged across seasons and geographical regions

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15
Q

what are the possible consequences of global warming

A

severe weather, air pollutants, changes in vector ecology, increasing allergies, water quality impacts, extreme heat, and environmental degradation

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16
Q

what are the two types of land pollution

A

municipal solid waste and hazardous waste

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17
Q

what are some ways to reduce energy consumption

A

use public transit, turn the heat down, turn off lights, hang clothes to dry, consider e-vehicles

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18
Q

what are ways to reduce solid waste

A

choose products with less packaging, bottle free advocacy, reduce, recycle, re-use, avoid using plastic wrap, and start a compost pile

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19
Q

what weakens the protective ozone layer

A

air pollutants

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20
Q

what is photochemical smog

A

ozone pollution

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21
Q

what is a hydrocarbon

A

product of fuel combustion

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22
Q

what creates ozone

A

nitrogen oxides and sunlight

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23
Q

what are hydrocarbons linked to

A

respiratory illness

24
Q

what is particulate matter

A

ash, smoke, pollen, and dust

25
Q

what is particulate matter linked to

A

respiratory damage

26
Q

what are the characteristics of carbon monoxide

A

colourless, odourless, and very poisonous

27
Q

what is carbon monoxide linked to

A

headaches, impaired visual perception, impaired manual dexterity, increased risk of CVD and death

28
Q

what is the main cause of acid rain

A

sulfar oxides

29
Q

what creates sulfar oxides

A

combustion of oil and other fuels

30
Q

what is sulfar oxides linked to

A

lung and cardiovascular diseases

31
Q

what is the precursor for ozone

A

nitrogen oxides

32
Q

what produces nitrogen oxide

A

engine exhaust

33
Q

what is one chemical that destroys ozone layer

A

chlorofluorocarbons

34
Q

what is chlorofluorocarbons

A

coolants, foaming agents in insulation, propellants in aerosol sprays

35
Q

what are common sources of indoor air pollution

A

photocopies, fax machines and computers

36
Q

what characterizes sick building syndrome

A

headache, fatigue, and decreased work productivity

37
Q

what does the air quality health index indicate

A

whether air pollution levels pose a health concern

38
Q

what can you do to reduce air pollution

A

plant trees, proper disposal of ozone depleting appliances, don’t smoke, clean and inspect chimneys

39
Q

what are some sources of water pollution

A

water delivery systems, domestic wastes, industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, and nanoplastics

40
Q

how can you protect the water supply

A

fix leaky faucets, take showers not baths, and dispose of waste properly

41
Q

what are pesticides linked to

A

lung and bladder cancer, leukaemia, lymphoma, chronic bronchitis and nervous system disorders

42
Q

how are pesticides spread

A

they are sprayed, dust, fogged, or dumped into the environment

43
Q

how are asbestos spread

A

they were formally used as building insulation

44
Q

where is lead found

A

in plumbing, vehicle emissions, tobacco smoke, lead crystal, and lead pottery

45
Q

what is lead exposure linked to

A

CNS damage, mental impairment, decreased oxygen transport in the blood, digestive problems, coma and death

46
Q

what are PCBs

A

polychlorinated biphenyls

47
Q

what is a trihalomethane

A

synthetic chemical that forms when chlorine in water reacts with natural organic compounds in water

48
Q

what is BPA

A

bisphenol A in polycarbonate

49
Q

what are the different ways you can be exposed to radiation

A

medical use, radiation in the home, nuclear weapons, and nuclear energy

50
Q

what are the ways you are exposed to radiation in the home

A

cell phones, microwaves, computers, power lines

51
Q

when does most hearing loss occur when exposed to noise pollution

A

within 2 hours of exposure

52
Q

what decibel causes permanent hearing loss

A

prolonged exposure to 80-85 decibels

53
Q

what is light pollution

A

when too much artificial illumination enters the night sky and reflects off of airborne water droplets and dust particles

54
Q

what are the effects of light pollution

A

disrupts sleep, decreases production of melatonin, and disruption of migratory flight paths of wildlife

55
Q

what are the effects from decreases in production of melatonin

A

increases risk of cancer, and may cause imbalance in diurnal sleep patterns

BPK 140 (13 decks)

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