Unit 10 - Drugs and Alcohol

Question 1

what are the characteristics of addiction

Answer 1

reinforcement, compulsion, loss of control, escalation, and negative consequences

Question 2

what are the types of addictive behaviours

Answer 2

substance use, gambling, social media, gaming, work addiction, compulsive exercise and sex addiction

Question 3

what are the routes of administration

Answer 3

inhalation, subcutaneous injection, oral dosage, intravenous injection, and intramuscular injection

Question 4

why does injecting drugs more likely to cause dependence

Answer 4

strong stimulus response pairing, and they wear off more quickly.

Question 5

what drugs affect dopamine levels

Answer 5

nicotine, cocaine, alcohol, heroin, and amphetamines

Question 6

how do drugs affect the brain

Answer 6

it alters the effects of neurotransmitters

Question 7

what is the effect of cocaine on brain chemistry

Answer 7

it blocks the removal of dopamine from a synapse resulting in the buildup of dopamine causing continuous stimulation of the receiving neurones

Question 8

what are the factors that influence drug effects

Answer 8

pharmacological properties, dose-response function, time action function, drug use history, route of administration, physical factors, and psychological factors

Question 9

what are stimulants

Answer 9

drugs that speed up activity of the nervous and muscular systems

Question 10

what are examples of stimulants

Answer 10

caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, ecstasy, ritalin

Question 11

what are the effects of excessive consumption of caffeine

Answer 11

shaking, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, and irregular heartbeat

Question 12

what are the effects of chronic smoking

Answer 12

bronchitis, emphysema, and reproductive complications

Question 13

what are the effects of nicotine on blood vessels

Answer 13

causes them to constrict especially in skin

Question 14

where is cocaine derived from

Answer 14

coca plant

Question 15

what are the effects of cocaine

Answer 15

rapid heart/breathing rate, decreased appetite, and euphoria

Question 16

what is crack

Answer 16

a less pure freebase form of cocaine

Question 17

what are the effects of repeated use of cocaine

Answer 17

insomnia, weight loss, and impotence

Question 18

what are the effects of cocaine on the central nervous system

Answer 18

may cause psychological problems, and suppresses desire for food, sex, and sleep

Question 19

what are the effects of cocaine on the cardiovascular system

Answer 19

it increases blood pressure and damages heart tissue

Question 20

what are the effects of cocaine on the respiratory system

Answer 20

freebasing causes lung damage

Question 21

what are the effects of cocaine on the nose

Answer 21

it damages mucous membranes

Question 22

why are amphetamines cheap

Answer 22

they can be made from household ingredients

Question 23

what are the effects of chronic amphetamine use

Answer 23

severe weight loss, heart attack, stroke, paranoia, psychosis, and violent behaviour

Question 24

what is amphetamine psychosis

Answer 24

psychotic features including paranoia, visual and auditory hallucinations and delusions

Question 25

what is X/ Molly

Answer 25

MDMA/Ecstasy

Question 26

what is a hallucinogen

Answer 26

a group of psychoactive drugs that alter perceptions, feelings, and thoughts

Question 27

what are examples of hallucinogens

Answer 27

LSD, psilocybin, MDMA, DMT, Ketamine, PCP

Question 28

what are opioids

Answer 28

a class of drugs that relieve pain, cause drowsiness and euphoria

Question 29

what are examples of opioids

Answer 29

opium, heroin, methadone, morphine, codeine, demerol, oxycodone, and fentanyl

Question 30

what are opioids derived from

Answer 30

from the podium poppy

Question 31

what are the effects of opioids

Answer 31

relaxation, euphoria, slowed breathing, slurred speech, impaired balance

Question 32

what is cannabis classified as

Answer 32

a CNS depressant, hallucinogen, or stimulant

Question 33

what are the acute effects of cannabis

Answer 33

mild euphoria, heightened perception, drowsiness, and red eyes

Question 34

what are the chronic effects of cannabis

Answer 34

ma interfere with memory/learning, and may promote schizophrenia

Question 35

what are the benefits of cannabis

Answer 35

it may relieve nausea, vomitting, and chronic pain

Question 36

what is alcohol

Answer 36

a CNS depressant

Question 37

what are the acute effects of alcohol

Answer 37

mild euphoria, relaxation, altered judgment, and impaired motor skills

Question 38

how is alcohol absorbed

Answer 38

directly into the blood through the stomach or small intestinal wall

Question 39

what are the short term risks of alcohol use

Answer 39

it affects judgment and changes mood

Question 40

what is the result of excess consumption

Answer 40

memory loss, decreased blood sugar levels, slurred speech, impaired sexual function, and dehydration

Question 41

what are the effects of chronic alcohol use on the brain

Answer 41

impaired memory, loss of sensation, and brain atrophy

Question 42

what are the affects of chronic alcohol use on the heart

Answer 42

weakened cardiac muscle, elevated blood pressure, irregular heartbeat and increased risk of stroke

Question 43

what are the effects of chronic alcohol use on the organs

Answer 43

causes cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis; inflammation of stomach and pancreas; increases risk of cancers

Question 44

what are the risk factors for addiction

Answer 44

mental health conditions; genetic, physiological, personality, and lifestyle

Question 45

what are examples of treatment options

Answer 45

medication assisted treatment, group and peer counselling, and harm reduction strategies

Question 46

what are the findings noted in "Teen Girls Report Record Levels of Sadness"

Answer 46

rates of sadness reflect a long brewing national tragedy only made worse by the isolation and stress of the pandemic

Question 47

what is addiction

Answer 47

chronic disease that involves disruption of the brain's systems related to reward, motivation and memory

Question 48

what are the diagnostic criteria for addiction

Answer 48

impaired control, social problems, risky use, and feeling of drug effects

Question 49

what are the serious concerns associated with drug use

Answer 49

intoxication, unexpected side effects, and unknown due constituents

Question 50

what do opioid withdrawal symptoms include

Answer 50

cramps, chills, sweating, nausea, tremors, irritability, and feelings of panic