unit 11: hormones

Question 1

adrenal gland: location and properties

Answer 1

located: on top of each kidney in abdominal cavity

adrenal cortex= outer layer that secretes steroid hormones and has 3 layers that each secret a specific hormone

Question 2

adrenal cortex layers
outer: zona Glomerulos

Answer 2

Hormones secreted: mineralocorticoids

E.g. aldosterone which plays a role in
sodium-potassium balance

Question 3

adrenal cortex layers
middle: Zona Fasciculata

Answer 3

Hormones secreted: glucocorticoids

E.g. cortisol which plays a role in the
human stress response.

Question 4

adrenal cortex layers
inner: Zona Reticularis

Answer 4

Hormones secreted: adrenal androgens (sex hormones)

E.g. dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenodione

Question 5

Adrenal medulla

Answer 5

inner layer that secretes catecholamines

Hormones secreted:
a. Epinephrine (80%)
b. Norepinephrine (20%)

Function: regulation of short and long term
stress response

Question 6

Cholesterol is converted into

Answer 6

progesterone or
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)

Question 7

Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid synthesis both involved in…

Answer 7

conversion of progesterone into
corticosterone through the action of the enzyme
21-hydroxylase.

Question 8

Sex steroid synthesis involves…

Answer 8

conversion of DHEA into androstenedione, which is then converted into testosterone and dihydrotestosterone.