part 2: orbitals/electron configurations

Question 1

Pauli Exclusion Principle:

Answer 1

Each electron in an atom has a unique set
of four quantum numbers n, l, m l and m s
Maximum of two electrons per orbital!

Question 2

Aufbau Principle:

Answer 2

electrons occupy the lowest energy level first

Question 3

Hund’s Rule

Answer 3

If more than one orbital in a sublevel is available, electrons
will fill empty orbitals in that sublevel first with the same spin orientation

Question 4

Near-Degenerate Orbitals:

Answer 4

orbitals with nearly the same energy.
Because the orbitals are so close in energy, it is
possible for an electron to be promoted to the higher energy orbital.

Question 5

isoelectronic

Answer 5

Ions with the same number of electrons
Different nuclear charges

Question 6

Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic

Answer 6

if they are repelled by a strong magnet. The
ions or atoms have paired electrons.

if they are attracted to a magnet, align itself
in a magnetic field. the ions or atoms have unpaired
electrons.

Question 7

Electron Affinity

Answer 7

The energy change when an electron is added to an atom.
* For the main group elements, the EA tends to become
more negative from left to right across a row of the
periodic table.

Question 8

Atomic Radii

Answer 8

Distance between the nucleus and outer surface of the
largest orbital

Question 9

True or false
E is always positive

Answer 9

true
removing electron takes energy