Unit 11 Flashcards
Where humidity is high…
Water loss is not a problem and plants have many stomata
If there is a normal level of carbon dioxide…
The stomata is less stressed
Mesophyll
Specialized ground tissue inside a leaf, made up of thin walled cells containing chlroplasts
Palisade tissue cells
Column-shaped mesophyll cells in a plant leaf; responsible for photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll
Layer of loosely-spaced mesophyll cells in a leaf; the increase distance between cells promotes diffusion
The mesophyll cells will move…
Oxygen toward the stomata
The vascular tissue provides the leaf with…
Water needed for transportation and for photosynthesis
Vascular bundle
Strand of xylem, phloem, and associated tissues in a plant
The phloem transports the sugar manufactured in…
Photosynthesis to the rest of the plant
The vascular bundles branches into…
Finer veins within the spongy mesophyll
Gas exchange in plants…
Occurs by diffusion
No organs specifically concerned with…
Gas exchange
Diffusion of gases occur through…
Air spaces and then across cell membranes
In the leaf, the stomata regulated by…
Guard cells allow for more efficient intake of gases and therefore for more rapid diffusion
Lenticels
A raised spongy region in the stem of a woody plant that allows gas exchange between the atmosphere and the interior of the plant
Cohesion
Tendency of molecules of the same kind stick together
Adhesion
Tendency of unlike unlike molecules to stick together
Root pressure
Upward force extend on water on the xylem in the roots of some plants
Dissolved minerals are…
Present in the cells of the root as a result of active transport, producing higher concentration
The process of osmosis is…
Drawn into the cell creating pressure that forces fluid up the xylem
Overall processes of water is affected by…
Transipiration
Substances must be dissolved in a…
Film of water to be transported in plants.
Differences in pressure is caused by…
Osmosis and transipiration
Root hairs absorb…
Minerals from the soil through active transport
Transpiration pull
The tension or pull on water molecules in the xylem due to evaporation of water through the stomata or lenticils in the plant
Changes in the tonicity effects…
Osmosis and on the arrangement of structures in plant cells
The higher solute concentration on the outside of the cell into the surronding which…
Causes water to pass by osmosis
Plasmolysis
Shrinking of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane away from the cell wall due to outflow of water in a hypertonic environment
Water in a hypertonic environment is only observed in…
Rigid cell walls
Torgidity is important to plants because…
The pressure in all of the cells combines to hold the green parts of the plant up to the sunlight.
Phloem cells are killed by…
Dehydration or excessive heat
Source
According to the pressure-flow theory cells that manufacture carbohydrates in plants
Sink
According to the pressure-flow theory cells that recieve carbohydrates in plants
Pressure flow theory
Explanation of plant nutrient transport from leaves to other parts of the plant, driven by the build-up of hypertonic solutions
Sugars are actively…
Transported across the cell membrane
Sugar molecules may be used in…
Growth respiration or other life processes
Pressure difference
The difference in pressure in 2 areas that may cause movement of substances
