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Biology > Unit 11 > Flashcards

Unit 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where humidity is high…

A

Water loss is not a problem and plants have many stomata

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2
Q

If there is a normal level of carbon dioxide…

A

The stomata is less stressed

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3
Q

Mesophyll

A

Specialized ground tissue inside a leaf, made up of thin walled cells containing chlroplasts

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4
Q

Palisade tissue cells

A

Column-shaped mesophyll cells in a plant leaf; responsible for photosynthesis

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5
Q

Spongy mesophyll

A

Layer of loosely-spaced mesophyll cells in a leaf; the increase distance between cells promotes diffusion

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6
Q

The mesophyll cells will move…

A

Oxygen toward the stomata

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7
Q

The vascular tissue provides the leaf with…

A

Water needed for transportation and for photosynthesis

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8
Q

Vascular bundle

A

Strand of xylem, phloem, and associated tissues in a plant

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9
Q

The phloem transports the sugar manufactured in…

A

Photosynthesis to the rest of the plant

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10
Q

The vascular bundles branches into…

A

Finer veins within the spongy mesophyll

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11
Q

Gas exchange in plants…

A

Occurs by diffusion

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12
Q

No organs specifically concerned with…

A

Gas exchange

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13
Q

Diffusion of gases occur through…

A

Air spaces and then across cell membranes

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14
Q

In the leaf, the stomata regulated by…

A

Guard cells allow for more efficient intake of gases and therefore for more rapid diffusion

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15
Q

Lenticels

A

A raised spongy region in the stem of a woody plant that allows gas exchange between the atmosphere and the interior of the plant

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16
Q

Cohesion

A

Tendency of molecules of the same kind stick together

17
Q

Adhesion

A

Tendency of unlike unlike molecules to stick together

18
Q

Root pressure

A

Upward force extend on water on the xylem in the roots of some plants

19
Q

Dissolved minerals are…

A

Present in the cells of the root as a result of active transport, producing higher concentration

20
Q

The process of osmosis is…

A

Drawn into the cell creating pressure that forces fluid up the xylem

21
Q

Overall processes of water is affected by…

A

Transipiration

22
Q

Substances must be dissolved in a…

A

Film of water to be transported in plants.

23
Q

Differences in pressure is caused by…

A

Osmosis and transipiration

24
Q

Root hairs absorb…

A

Minerals from the soil through active transport

25
Q

Transpiration pull

A

The tension or pull on water molecules in the xylem due to evaporation of water through the stomata or lenticils in the plant

26
Q

Changes in the tonicity effects…

A

Osmosis and on the arrangement of structures in plant cells

27
Q

The higher solute concentration on the outside of the cell into the surronding which…

A

Causes water to pass by osmosis

28
Q

Plasmolysis

A

Shrinking of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane away from the cell wall due to outflow of water in a hypertonic environment

29
Q

Water in a hypertonic environment is only observed in…

A

Rigid cell walls

30
Q

Torgidity is important to plants because…

A

The pressure in all of the cells combines to hold the green parts of the plant up to the sunlight.

31
Q

Phloem cells are killed by…

A

Dehydration or excessive heat

32
Q

Source

A

According to the pressure-flow theory cells that manufacture carbohydrates in plants

33
Q

Sink

A

According to the pressure-flow theory cells that recieve carbohydrates in plants

34
Q

Pressure flow theory

A

Explanation of plant nutrient transport from leaves to other parts of the plant, driven by the build-up of hypertonic solutions

35
Q

Sugars are actively…

A

Transported across the cell membrane

36
Q

Sugar molecules may be used in…

A

Growth respiration or other life processes

37
Q

Pressure difference

A

The difference in pressure in 2 areas that may cause movement of substances

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