Physics 25-26

Question 1

A set of interconnected parts

Answer 1

Systems

Question 2

A system that exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings

Answer 2

Open System

Question 3

A system that can not exchange energy with its surroundings

Answer 3

Closed System

Question 4

A system that can not exchange matter but can exchange energy with it’s surroundings

Answer 4

Isolated System

Question 5

The total energy, including heat, in a system and it’s surroundings stays constant whenever heat is added to the system, it transforms into an equal amount of some other form of energy

Answer 5

The First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 6

heat added to a system =

Answer 6

Mechanic energy + heat

Question 7

Heat always flows natural from hot to cold

Answer 7

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 8

A machine that doesn’t lose any energy heat. The energy input will equal energy output. This is impossible

Answer 8

Perfect Machine

Question 9

A device that converts heat into mechanical energy only some energy can be converted, the rest is expelled as exhaust

Answer 9

Heat Engine

Question 10

A device that transfers mechanical energy into heat

Answer 10

Heat Pump

Question 11

The first machine to use “hidden energy” was

Answer 11

Hero’s steam engine

Question 12

In the 1600s people started

Answer 12

using coal

Question 13

The demand for coal fuelled the need to come up with

Answer 13

more sophisticated machines

Question 14

The gun power engine how does it work

Answer 14

gas is generated by an explosion inside the engine drove by a piston forward into a cylinder

Question 15

Drawback of a gun power engine is

Answer 15

hazard of explosions, the piston could not be pulled back

Question 16

The heat engine how does it work

Answer 16

Two hollow hemisphere’s are fitted together to create a vacuum by extracting the air through a valve water increases it’s size by 1300x when heated into steam. This would use heat to create steam to do work

Question 17

Patented a steam engine

Answer 17

Thomas Newcomen 1712

Question 18

Made the first heat engine

Answer 18

Denis Papin 1690

Question 19

Designed a more efficient steam engine

Answer 19

James Watt 1763

Question 20

powder engine

Answer 20

Chrisitan Igens 1698

Question 21

Patented an engine fuelled by oil and gas

Answer 21

Robert Steete 1794

Question 22

Invented the first internal combustion engine

Answer 22

Eugene Lebon 1801

Question 23

Invented first steam powdered pump

Answer 23

Thomas Very 1698

Question 24

Improvements made to Lebons design

Answer 24

1801-1867

Question 25

designed an internal combustions engine that used gas

Answer 25

G. Daimier 1883

Question 26

Cars and combustion engines in mass production

Answer 26

1890

Question 27

Developed the 4 stroke internal combustion engine

Answer 27

N.A Otto and Eugene Lebon 1867

Question 28

The initial energy source

Answer 28

energy input

Question 29

The desired energy needed to do

Answer 29

Useful Energy Output

Question 30

The work machines are suppose to do

Answer 30

Useful Work Output

Question 31

A measured unit of how effectively a machine converts energy input into useful energy

Answer 31

Efficiency

Question 32

E =

Answer 32

Useful mechanical energy/ total mechanical energy

Question 33

Discovered that the transformation of heat into mechanical energy flows from a hot object to a cold object (some heat is loss in the process) also determined the laws of heat efficiency of heat engines

Answer 33

Sodi Carnot

Question 34

He said that heat is another form of energy

Answer 34

James Prescott Jules

Question 35

When an object may store energy because of its position relative to some other object it has the potential to close work

Answer 35

Potential Energy

Question 36

When a force is applied against gravity, resulting in energy being stored. The energy stored in an object at any position above the earth

Answer 36

Gravitational Potential Energy