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Biology > 5-6 Microscope > Flashcards

5-6 Microscope Flashcards

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1
Q

Artisole made careful observations and descriptions of…

A

More than 500 animal species and set up a classification system based on observations.

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2
Q

Hans and Zacharias Janssen…

A

Invented the microscope in 1595.

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3
Q

Hans and Zacharias used…

A

Ocular and Objective lenses

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4
Q

Robert Hooke was using a…

A

Hand microscope that had three lens system

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5
Q

The illumination was a beam of light concentrated on a specimen by…

A

Passing light through a water filled glass.

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6
Q

Robert Hooke published his Micrographia containing…

A

38 illustrations of plant, animal, and non-living objects viewed through a microscope

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7
Q

Hooke discovered that the cork primarily of…

A

Air pockets surrounded by a thin mesh of fibre.

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8
Q

Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, using only a simple…

A

Single lens microscope rather like a magnifying glass.

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9
Q

Van Leeuwenhoek’s drawings were called…

A

Animacules

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10
Q

Van Leeuwenhoek’s microscope was…

A

Held directly at the eye

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11
Q

His microscopes had a smaller lens which…

A

Provided higher magnification

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12
Q

Early compound microscopes…

A

Were less efficient

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13
Q

Field of view:

A

The area you see through the eye piece of a microscope.

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14
Q

Francesco Redi questioned…

A

The belief that maggots appeared spontaneously from raw meat

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15
Q

John Needham proved that living things…

A

Could be produced from non-living matter

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16
Q

Lazzaro Spallanzani proposed…

A

That there were responsible for the new growth

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17
Q

Life Forces:

A

A natural force postulated to produce life spontaneous.

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18
Q

Critics suggested that all Spallanzani has shown was…

A

That air was required for spontaneous generation to occur

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19
Q

Louis Pastuer submitted the experiment of…

A

Boiling meat broth in a flask

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20
Q

Robert Brown identified an important…

A

Cell structure, the nucleas.

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21
Q

Nucleas: (in cells)

A

Organelle that contains DNA, genetic material, and directs all cellular activities

22
Q

M.J. Scgleider observed that all plants were composed of cells and he proposed…

A

That the nucleas was the structure responsible for the development of the cell.

23
Q

Theodor Schwann believed that there must be…

A

Similarities between plant and animal tissue

24
Q

Brown and Schlelden proposed that all plants and animal were composed of…

A

Cells and that the cell was the basic unit of all organisms.

25
Q

All living things are made up of…

A

One or more cells and the materials produced by these cells

26
Q

All life functions take place in cells…

A

Making them the smallest units of life

27
Q

All cells are produced from pre-existing cells…

A

Through the process of cell division

28
Q

Light microscopes magnify cells through the use of…

A

One or more curved lenses and a light source,

29
Q

Compound light microscopes is an…

A

Important magnifying tool

30
Q

Research light microscopes have a maximum magnification of…

A

1000-2000x

31
Q

When light passes directly through cells its called a…

A

Bright field

32
Q

Brightfield:

A

Illumination in the light microscopes in which the specimen is illuminated by a unfiltered beam of white light that passes from the illumination source through the specimen into the objective, and then to the eye piece

33
Q

Scientists discovered that manipulating the light source could…

A

Alter the contrast between structures in the cell and improve the image

34
Q

Resolution or resolving power:

A

The ability to distinguish between two structures that are close together

35
Q

A microscope must provide the…

A

Capability to see smaller stuff

36
Q

The efficiency of light microscopes is limited because…

A

As light is focused into smaller and smaller diameters the image becomes blurred

37
Q

Fluorescence microscopy was invented to give information about…

A

Molecules on the cell service

38
Q

The fluorescent molecule emitted…

A

Lights of different wave lengths

39
Q

J.H Coons used anitbody molecules labelled with a fluorescent substance…

A

To show antigens were on the surface of cells

40
Q

Confocal Microscope:

A

A microscope that uses confocal technology

41
Q

Laser concentrates light onto a…

A

Specimen

42
Q

The reflection is passed through a tiny opening called the…

A

Confocal pinhole and reaches an electronic detector that converts the light into an image

43
Q

The process called dendrites that bring information to the…

A

Cell body of the motor neuron merely appear fibrous, but, using confocal technology

44
Q

James Hillier and Albert Prebus developed…

A

The first functional electron microscope

45
Q

Electron Microscope:

A

A microscope that uses a beam of electrons to produce images of fine detail

46
Q

The image is formed by the absorption or scattering of the electron beam because…

A

Electron dense materials do not let the electrons pass through.

47
Q

Electron-dense:

A

Characteristic of a substance that does not allow electrons to pass through it, but either absorbs or scatters the electrons

48
Q

Transmission Electron Microscope:

A

Depends on a beam of electrons passed through a very thin section of fixed and stained tissue embedded in plastic

49
Q

Scanning Electron Microscope:

A

Gives information about the surface features a specimen

50
Q

Specimens are fixed and covered with an…

A

Electron-dense material like gold, which reflects specimen

51
Q

One of the drawbacks of TEM is…

A

building a three dimensional object

52
Q

Total =

A

Ocular x Objective

Biology (19 decks)

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