Unit 1 TRENDS IN GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

What are some examples of Quantitative growth?

A

Occurs in spurts
1. Height
2. Weight
3. Number of Teeth

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2
Q

In what order does qualitative developments normally happen?

A

Simple to complex

example: Scribble –> Letters –> words

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3
Q

What is qualitative development?

A

Combination of growth, maturation, and learning

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4
Q

How is qualitative development measured by?

A

Observation

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5
Q

Birthweight _____ at 6 months?

A

Doubles

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6
Q

Birthweight ____ at 12 months?

A

Triples

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7
Q

Birthweight ____ at 30 months?

A

Quadrupled

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8
Q

Height increases by how much per month?

A

1/2 - 1 inch per month

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9
Q

At what age can you double a child’s height for a prediction of their adult height?

A

2 years old

typically higher for males and lower for women

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10
Q

Directional trends are ______ and ______

A

Bilateral and symmetrical
Each side develops in the same direction and rate

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11
Q

What does cephalocaudal mean in terms of directional trends?

A

Growth from head to toe
- motor control: head –> head –> trunk –> extremities

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12
Q

What does proximodistal mean in terms of directional tredns?

A

Growth occurs from near to far
- Motor control: over arm before fingers

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13
Q

What does sequential trend mean?

A

Predictable sequence in growth and development

Example: Crawl –> stand –> walk
Example: Babble –> words –> sentence

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14
Q

At what age is the grasping reflex present?
Fine Motor

A

2-3 months but at this age they still cannot hold objects

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15
Q

At what age is the palmar grasp present?
Fine Motor

A

6 months

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16
Q

At what age can a child transfer objects between hands?
Fine Motor

A

7 months

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17
Q

At what age is the pincer grasp present?
Fine Motor

A

10 months

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18
Q

At what age can a child put/remove objects from container
Fine Motor

A

11 months

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19
Q

At what age can a child try to build a tower of two blocks?
Fine Motor

20
Q

At what age is head lag present?
Gross motor

A

1st 2 months

21
Q

When does a child start to have head control, able to sit if propped up, rolls from back to side at what age?
Gross motor

22
Q

At what age do children start to roll from abdomen to back?
Gross motor

A

5-6 months

23
Q

At what age can a child sit unsupported?
Gross motor

24
Q

At what age can a child move from prone to sitting position?
Gross motor

25
Increased coordination of extremities occurs at what age?
4 months
26
Crawling usually occurs at what age (usually backward 1st)?
6-7 months
27
At what age does creeping occur?
9 months
28
At what age can a child walk with assistance?
11 months
29
At what age can a child walk alone?
12 months
30
True or False: Each child develops at their own pace but typically males mature faster?
False- While each child does develops at their own pace women mature faster
31
How should we weigh infants?
Nude with a clean diaper Make sure to never turn your back and always have one hand on child while weighing
32
What is recumbent length?
Laying supine
33
What ages ranges do we do recumbent length for?
Birth- 2 years
34
How should we position a child in order to get a recumbent length?
Head in midline, grasp knees together- push until fully extended and flat and measure between marks
35
At what age do we get a child's height/stature?
Children over 2
36
How should we position a child in order to get an accurate height?
Shoes off, stand tall and straight, head in midline, line of parallel vision, back to wall stadiometer
37
Characteristics of appearance in infancy (Weight and height)
1-6 months - 1 1/2 pounds per month 6 months - double birth weight 12 months - Triple birth weight
38
Characteristics of appearance in toddlers ? (height and weight)
4-6 pounds per year quadruple birth weight by 30 months
39
Characteristics of appearance in preschoolers (height and weight)
4-6 pounds per year slender, graceful, agile as compared to the toddler little difference in general physical appearance of boy and girls.
40
Characteristics of appearance in school-age children (height and weight)
4-6 pounds per year will almost double in weight grow 2"/year girls usually grow faster than boys during this stage
41
When does the adolescent growth spurt happen in girls? and how much do they typically grow?
9 1/2 - 14 1/2 years Height: 2-8" over adolescence Weight: 15-55 lbs over adolescence
42
When does the adolescent growth spurt happen in males and how much do they typically grow?
10 1/2 to 16 Years Height: 4-12" over adolescence Weight: 15-66 pounds over adolescence
43
What is prepubescence and when does it begin?
Start of physical changes prior to puberty. Starts approximately 2 years before puberty
44
When is postpubescence?
1-2 years after 1st period This is also when skeletal growth is complete
45
What are the 1st sign of puberty in boys and girls?
Girls: Development of breast Boy: Enlarged testes
46
How does the adolescent brain mature?
From back to front 1. 1st areas controlling vision, hearing, touch, spatial (reason) processing 2. next, areas that coordinate functions 3. last, executive functions - planning, setting priorities, organizing thoughts, suppressing impulses, weighing consequences.
47