Unit 1 test review part 3

Question 1

What are proteins

Answer 1

Contains an amino and carboxyl group with back bones of N-C-C
polymers of 100-300 amino acids long
22 differnt types

Question 2

List the 3 types of amino acids

Answer 2

1) Hydrophobic- nonpolar
2) Hydrophilic- polar
3)electrically charged-hydrophilic

Question 3

How do you tell is if a aa is polar or non polar

Answer 3

it is polar if it has a oduble bond at end or S,O,N

Question 4

How to tell how many different tripeptidese can be formed from only 2 amino acids

Answer 4

you would do 2(aa)^3 because tripeptides=3 that means 8 diferent possibilities

Question 5

How to tell if aa is polar non polar or electriclly charged

Answer 5

Non polar= Non have a double bond, almost all are made of C & H
Polar=Has double bond of O always except cystein
electriclly charged= Usually eneds with carboxyl or amino group (just memorise them)

Question 6

What determines the sequence of amino acids in protein

Answer 6

The DNA transcribed into MRNA

Question 7

list 5 functions of proteins

Answer 7

1) Structural proteins
2)enzymes
3)Pigment
4)Hormones
5) Immunoglobulin.

Question 8

Structural proteins soluble or insoluble

Answer 8

make up body parts insoluble and tough
eg.Keratin, collagen, bones and teeth, myosin, microtubles and filaments

Question 9

Enzymes soluble or insoluble

Answer 9

biological cataylst
soluble
eg.
1)Amylase hydrolysis reaction of polysaccharides into monosaccharides.
2) Pepsin hydrolysis of protein into amino acids
3) Hydrolysis of lipids into glycerol and 3 fatty acids.

Question 10

Pigament

Answer 10

coloured protein
soluble part of strucutral protein
eg.
melanin
cholrophyll
hemoglobin
anthocynin

Question 11

Hormones

Answer 11

regulitory proteins
control metabolic pathways
adrenalin & thyroxine

Question 12

Immunoglobin

Answer 12

antibodies

Question 13

Primary structure

Answer 13

this determines 2 and 3 structures therefore function of the protin

Question 14

what are Secondary structures caused by

Answer 14

H-Bonds between N-H an C=O of different aa’s causing the chain to fold in helix and b pleated sheet

Question 15

list 3 facts of B-Pleated sheet

Answer 15

1)more than one H bond resulting in larger molecules
2)mostly structural proteins
3)insoluble

Question 16

List 2 fact on helix shape

Answer 16

1)mostly continue to fold in globular proteins
2)soluble

Question 17

What are tertiary structures

Answer 17

further foldings caused by r-side chains either
-H-bonds between polar groups
-disulfide cross-linkages between neighboring S-H groups
-Hydrophobic interactions of nonpolar groups.

Question 18

Give 2 examples of quaternary structures

Answer 18

1)Hemoglobin 4aa chains with an Fe
2)Insulin 2aa chains

Question 19

Denaturations causes

Answer 19

-high heat
-high or low pH
-heavy metals
-organic solvents that dissolve non polar groups
-detergents

Question 20

what type of protein structure is structural proteins

Answer 20

secondary b -pleated

Question 21

what type of protein structure is lipase or most enzymes

Answer 21

teritery

Question 22

what type of protein structure is anthocyanin pigment

Answer 22

teritery