Unit 1 test review

Question 1

What is a functional group

Answer 1

a cluster of atoms that behave in a characteristic way
have characteristic chemical properties
tend to be very reactive since they contain highly electronegative atoms

Question 2

Alcohol

Answer 2

-(ol)
-hydroxyl
-R-OH

Question 3

Aldehyde

Answer 3

-(al)
-carbonyl
-R-CHO
-retnal in the eye

Question 4

Carboxylic acid

Answer 4

-oic acid
-Carboxyl
-R-COOH

Question 5

Amine

Answer 5

-Amine
-Amino
-NH2

Question 6

Organic phosphate

Answer 6

-R-H2PO4
-Phosphate

Question 7

Thiol

Answer 7

-thiol
-sulfahydrl
-R-SH

Question 8

Ester

Answer 8

-oate
-R-COO-R

Question 9

Ether

Answer 9

-R-O-R
-ether
-anesthetics

Question 10

Ketone

Answer 10

-R-CO-R
-one
-testosterone
estrogen
-aceton

Question 11

Condensation is…

Answer 11

Anabolic (adding) synthesis. and endothermic

Question 12

What are condensation and hydrolysis catalyzed by?

Answer 12

enzymes

Question 13

Alcohol and alcohol produce

Answer 13

water and ether

Question 14

Where are ether linkages seen

Answer 14

in carbohydrate molecules

Question 15

Alchol+ Carboxylic acid produce…

Answer 15

ester linkage and water.
Ester linkages are often seen in lipid molecules

Question 16

Carboxylic acid +amine produce

Answer 16

amide linkages often seen in protein molecules

Question 17

Alcohol + phosphate produce…

Answer 17

Phosphodiester linkage , often seen in nucleic acid molecules.

Question 18

Hydrolysis reaction…

Answer 18

Catabolic (cut) therefore exothermic

Question 19

Ester + water make

Answer 19

Alcohol + carboxylic acid.

Question 20

Glycerol + 3 fatty acids make

Answer 20

Lipid + H2o

Question 21

Amino acid+ Amino acid

Answer 21

Polypeptide + H2O

Question 22

Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide make

Answer 22

Polysaccharide

Question 23

What is another word for amide linkage

Answer 23

peptide bond