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Bio201 > Unit 1: Orientation To The Body > Flashcards

Unit 1: Orientation To The Body Flashcards

1
Q

Superior

A

Position above another body part, towards head

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2
Q

Inferior

A

Position below or lower than another body part, towards feet

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3
Q

Medial

A

Middle or direction towards middle of body

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4
Q

Lateral

A

Side or direction toward side of body

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5
Q

Proximal

A

Limb position closest to point of attachment on trunk of body

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6
Q

Distal

A

Limb position further away from point of attachment on trunk of body

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7
Q

Deep

A

Position farther from surface of body

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8
Q

Superficial

A

Position closer to surface of body

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9
Q

Saggital plane

A

Plane that divides body vertically into left and right sides

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10
Q

Frontal/Coronal Plane

A

Plane that divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

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11
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Plane that divides body horizontally into upper and lower portions

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12
Q

Homeostasis

A

Ability to maintain a constant internal environment in response to changing environment

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13
Q

Negative feedback

A

Has a stimulus, sensor, control center, and effector which trigger feedback that is not excessive

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14
Q

Posterior

A

Position towards backside of body

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15
Q

Anterior

A

Position towards front of body

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16
Q

Give an example of negative feedback loop:

A

Blood glucose levels get low, glucagon is released to bring levels up to equilibrium

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17
Q

Give an example of positive feedback loop:

A

Breastfeeding; lactation is induced by child feeding which includes further lactation until child stops feeding

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18
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of structures and shape of the body and body parts

“Form”

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19
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the functions of the body and body parts

“Function”

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20
Q

Levels of organization of the body:

A

Atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, full organism

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21
Q

Function of receptor

A

“Sensor,” detects problem

22
Q

Function of sensory pathway

A

Brings info to control center

23
Q

Control/Integration center

A

Brain and spinal cord; figures out what to do to maintain homeostasis

24
Q

Function of motor pathway

A

Pathway from the control center to effector

25
Q

Function of effector

A

Responds and returns body to equilibrium

26
Q

Integumentary system consists of:

A

Hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands, epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous, and nerves

27
Q

Functions of the integumentary system:

A 
Waterproof barrier
Cushioning and protection 
Regulates body temperature 
UV protection and Vitamin D
Self healing
Detects pressure, pain, etc.
Communication
28
Q

Skeletal system consists of:

A

Bone, cartilage, ligaments, and joints

29
Q

Functions of the skeletal system:

A 
Supports and protects organs
Framework for movement
pH balance
Mineral storage
Hematopoiesis (blood cell production)
30
Q

Muscular system consists of:

A

Muscles and tendons

31
Q

Functions of muscular system:

A

Shorten and contract to produce movement
Body temperature regulation
Protection

32
Q

Nervous system consists of:

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors

33
Q

Functions of the nervous system:

A

Control system that sends electrochemical messages
Sensory output
Motor output
Integration

34
Q

Axillary

35
Q

Acromial

A

Tip of shoulder

36
Q

Brachial

37
Q

Carpal

38
Q

Cervical

39
Q

Digital

A

Fingers and toes

40
Q

Femoral

41
Q

Frontal

42
Q

Orbital

43
Q

Patellar

44
Q

Tarsal

45
Q

Thoracic

46
Q

Dorsal

47
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom side of foot

48
Q

Deltoid

A

Whole shoulder

49
Q

Gluteal

50
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower back

51
Q

Occipital

A

Back of the head

Bio201 (12 decks)

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