Unit 1 Module 1.5 Flashcards
Our modern-day understanding of the unconscious _______ from Sigmund Freud’s
differs
Believed that the unconscious was a hiding place for our most anxiety-provoking ideas and emotions and that uncovering those hidden thoughts could lead to healing.
Sigmund Freud
Most psychologists simply view the unconscious track as ________ processing without awareness.
information
Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment. Helps us cope with novelty and act in our best interests.
Consciousness
Combines the study of brain activity with how we learn, think, remember, and perceive. Researches are exploring and mapping the conscious function of the cortex.
Cognitive Neuroscience
Darydreaming, drowsiness, dreaming, hallucinations, food or oxygen starvation, sensory deprivation, hypnosis, meditation.
Altered state of consciousness
The principle that info is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks, the two-track mind.
Dual processing
Conscious processing or one aspect of a problem at a time. Used to process new information or solve difficult problems
Sequential processing
Unconscious processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously. Generally used to process well-learned info or to solve easy problems.
Parallel processing
A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it.
Blindsight
A periodic natural loss of consciousness similar to a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation
Sleep
Natural physical and chemical changes that are undetected by our conscious awareness
Body temp
hormones
energy level
sleep
wakefulness
Biological Rythms
Our 24-hour wake-sleep cycle
Blood circulation, hormonal changes, heart rate, bowel regulation, sleep, and wakefulness.
Circadian Rythm
The stages of sleep regulated by brain waves, heartbeat, respiration, and muscle tone.
90 min sleep cycle
When are you most alert
10 am
When do you have the highest body temp
7 pm
When do you have the lowest body temp
4:30 am
When is your deepest sleep
2 am
When does melatonin secretion begin
9 pm
What are the 6 things that affect our circadian rhythm
jet lag, shift work, age, species, light and darkness, and screens
The _____________________ in the _______ interprets light signals and secretes _______.
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
hypothalamus
melatonin
As _______falls, melatonin production increases, then when _______ returns, it lessens.
darkness
daylight
How do screens affect your circadian rhythm
The Blue lights suppress melatonin production
The ______ is often used to evaluate sleep patterns.
EEG
As ____ waves turn to _____ we enter twilight state and lose track of time.
Beta
Alpha
Non-dreaming, non-REM sleep
Hypnagogic sensations (body jerks because of falling or floating)
Hallucinations
theta waves
Stage 1
Sleep spindles and k-complexes
SS-associated with sleep talking
KC-large waves in response to outside stimuli
Stage 2
Difficult to wake from
Delta waves
Essential for good physical and mental well-being
growth hormones released and the immune system refreshed
w/o greater risk of sickness and can’t concentrate
deepest sleep and slowest and largest waves
respiration and heartbeat are slow
Stage 3
what is the order of the sleep stages
1232 REM repeat
Vivid dreams regularly occur and brain activity looks awake
brainstem blocks motor neurons, keeping us still but we do experience eye movement, muscle twitches, irregular breathing, and increased heart rate.
REM
Benefits of sleep
protects
restores
memory consolidation
creative thinking
growth
conserves energy
nice
Memory impairment and moodiness
sleep debt
Inadequate REM leads to sleep-deprived psychosis (losing reality)
Microsleep
Circadian rhythm disruption
sleep deprivation
chronic sleep debt leads to lack of _________ and __________
motivation
concentration
Can’t focus and process/store memories
more depression
decrease in metabolic rate
increase in stress
sleep deprivation on the brain
Decrease in the production of immune cells, increased risk of viral infections
sleep deprivation on immune system
Increase production of _____ cells when you are sleep-deprived.
fat
Increased inflammation of the _____ when you are sleep-deprived
joints
Increased risk of high blood pressure
sleep deprivation on the heart
Increase in hunger-arousing hormone, decrease in leptin
sleep deprivation on the stomach
reduced strength
slow reaction time and motor learning
muscles
Avoid stimulants ___ hours before bed
6
Avoid large _____ and extended ____ (after 3 pm) before bed
meals
naps
The inability to stay or fall asleep
10-20% affected
caused by medical conditions, stress, physical pain, medication, out of circadian rhythm and drugs and alcohol
Insomnia
1 in 2000 suddenly fall into REM sleep during waking hours
cause by the brain not producing enough orexin or hypocretin
narcolepsy
Breathing stops and starts repeatedly during sleep
Cause is usually obstruction of the air passage
Treated by CPAP machine
sleep apnea
More common in childhood
happens in NREM 2 or 3
Don’t usually remember
sleepwalking
REM paralysis doesn’t occur. Person twitches, talks, kicks, punches during REM sleep
act out dreams
REM sleep behavior disorder
Happens in REM
Later part of night
Person can wake up and calm down
More likely in REM rebound
Nightmares
Stage 3-Not REM
First part of night
person can’t remember
Hard to wake up and calm
Heart rate and breathing rapid
Night terrors
Tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation. Body’s way of restoring balance in sleep cycle
REM Rebound
We usually dream about _____ emotions
negative
We integrate ______ stimuli going on while we sleep
sensory
