Unit 1: Immunosuppressive Agents Flashcards
What is the physiological dose of glucocorticoids for dogs and cats?
0.25 mg/kg/day
What is the anti-inflammatory dose for glucocorticoids in dogs and cats?
Dogs = 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/day
Cats = 1-2 mg/kg/day
What is the immunosuppressive dose for glucocorticoids in dogs and cats?
Dogs = 2-4 mg/kg/day
Cats = 4-8 mg/kg/day
What are the 6 side effects of glucocorticoids?
Thin skin, calcinosis cutis, comedones, bilateral symmetric alopecia, poor wound healing, demodicosis
Cyclosporine is a _____ _____ (MOA).
calcineurin inhibitor
What does calcineurin inhibition lead to?
Inhibition of IL-2 production and activation of T cells
What does cyclosporine do to T cells?
Suppresses T cell and CK production
What does cyclosporine do to B cells?
Inhibits their growth and activation
What does cyclosporine do to APCs?
Reduces # and activity of APCs
What does cyclosporine do to endothelial cells?
reduces adhesion molecule expression
What does cyclosporine do to keratinocytes?
Anti-proliferative effect and reduced Ck production
Which drugs are CsA stimulators?
Dexamethasone, Phenobarbital, Rifampin
Which drugs are CsA inhibitors?
Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Ketoconazole, Methylprednisolone, Prednisone
What drug is preferred to be given to decrease the necessary dose of cyclosporine?
Ketoconazole
What are 8 examples of when tacrolimus can be beneficial?
Pemphigus complex, DLE, PE, vasculitis, alopecia areata, vitiligo, periana fistulas, feline proliferating and necrotizing otitis externa
