Unit 1: Autoimmune Diseases 2

Question 1

What are the clinical signs of DLE?

Answer 1

Depigmentation of nose, loss of cobblestone architecture, erythema, scaling;

Erosions, ulcerations, crusting if chronic

Question 2

How is DLE diagnosed?

Answer 2

Young to middle age dogs;

loss of cobblestone on nose and ulcerations;

definitive = biopsy

Question 3

What is the presentation of SLO?

Answer 3

Sudden onset of onychalgia, onycholysis, and onychomadesis

Question 4

What breeds are predisposed to SLO?

Answer 4

Gordon Setters, Rotties, GSDs

Question 5

How do SLO signs progress?

Answer 5

Initially licking paws (one claw), limping/painful paw, all claws may subsequently be affected

Question 6

How is SLO definitively diagnosed?

Answer 6

Amputation of digit

Question 7

What happens in long-haired breeds and sebaceous adenitis?

Answer 7

Hair becomes darker or lighter, poodles lose their curls, alopecia and scale with mild follicular casting (dry paintbrush), poor/dull/brittle hairs

Question 8

What happens in short-coated dogs with sebaceous adenitis?

Answer 8

Annular areas of scaling and alopecia –> polycyclic and coalescing;

Moth-eaten areas, fine/white/non-adherent surface scale

Question 9

What are systemic treatment options for SA?

Answer 9

Cyclosporine, Doxy/Niacinamide, Vitamin A, FAs, synthetic retinoids

Question 10

What are topical treatments for SA?

Answer 10

Topical FAs/ceramides, propylene glycol, baby oil

Question 11

What is vasculitis?

Answer 11

Immune reponse that damages vascular components of the dermis of SQ tissue

Question 12

What causes vasculitis?

Answer 12

Drugs (vaccine-associated/rabies), idiopathic, infectious

Question 13

What are treatments for vasculitis?

Answer 13

ID/remove inciting cause, pentoxifylline, doxy/niacinamide, prednisone, cyclosporine, topical tacrolimus

Question 14

What breed is predisposed to perianal fistulas?

Answer 14

GSDs

Question 15

What are the 4 treatments for perianal fistulas?

Answer 15

Systemic abx, cyclosporine, topical tacrolimus, corticosteroids

Question 16

What is the clinical presentation of erythema multiforme?

Answer 16

Acute symmetrical onset of erythematous macules or slightly elevated papules that spread peripherally and clear centrally, producing annular or arciform patterns –> urticarial plaques and vesicles and bullae resulting in ulcers

Question 17

What are causes of sterile nodular panniculitis?

Answer 17

SQ inflammatory nodules that are not infectious;

Need to R/O FB, infectious, pancreatic disease, post-injection, trauma

Question 18

What are clinical signs of VKH?

Answer 18

Poliosis, depigmentation, leukotrichia, eythema, erosions, alopecia

Question 19

What breeds are predisposed to VKH?

Answer 19

Young male adult Akitas, Huskies, Samoyeds

Question 20

What are the clinical signs of juvenile cellulitis?

Answer 20

Swollen face, submand lymphadenopathy, papules, pustules, otitis externa, pain, lethargy, depression

Question 21

What breeds are predisposed to juvenile cellulitis?

Answer 21

Goldens, Dachshunds, Gordon Setters, English Cockers, Labs, Lhasa Apso