Unit 1: Autoimmune Diseases 2 Flashcards
What are the clinical signs of DLE?
Depigmentation of nose, loss of cobblestone architecture, erythema, scaling;
Erosions, ulcerations, crusting if chronic
How is DLE diagnosed?
Young to middle age dogs;
loss of cobblestone on nose and ulcerations;
definitive = biopsy
What is the presentation of SLO?
Sudden onset of onychalgia, onycholysis, and onychomadesis
What breeds are predisposed to SLO?
Gordon Setters, Rotties, GSDs
How do SLO signs progress?
Initially licking paws (one claw), limping/painful paw, all claws may subsequently be affected
How is SLO definitively diagnosed?
Amputation of digit
What happens in long-haired breeds and sebaceous adenitis?
Hair becomes darker or lighter, poodles lose their curls, alopecia and scale with mild follicular casting (dry paintbrush), poor/dull/brittle hairs
What happens in short-coated dogs with sebaceous adenitis?
Annular areas of scaling and alopecia –> polycyclic and coalescing;
Moth-eaten areas, fine/white/non-adherent surface scale
What are systemic treatment options for SA?
Cyclosporine, Doxy/Niacinamide, Vitamin A, FAs, synthetic retinoids
What are topical treatments for SA?
Topical FAs/ceramides, propylene glycol, baby oil
What is vasculitis?
Immune reponse that damages vascular components of the dermis of SQ tissue
What causes vasculitis?
Drugs (vaccine-associated/rabies), idiopathic, infectious
What are treatments for vasculitis?
ID/remove inciting cause, pentoxifylline, doxy/niacinamide, prednisone, cyclosporine, topical tacrolimus
What breed is predisposed to perianal fistulas?
GSDs
What are the 4 treatments for perianal fistulas?
Systemic abx, cyclosporine, topical tacrolimus, corticosteroids
What is the clinical presentation of erythema multiforme?
Acute symmetrical onset of erythematous macules or slightly elevated papules that spread peripherally and clear centrally, producing annular or arciform patterns –> urticarial plaques and vesicles and bullae resulting in ulcers
What are causes of sterile nodular panniculitis?
SQ inflammatory nodules that are not infectious;
Need to R/O FB, infectious, pancreatic disease, post-injection, trauma
What are clinical signs of VKH?
Poliosis, depigmentation, leukotrichia, eythema, erosions, alopecia
What breeds are predisposed to VKH?
Young male adult Akitas, Huskies, Samoyeds
What are the clinical signs of juvenile cellulitis?
Swollen face, submand lymphadenopathy, papules, pustules, otitis externa, pain, lethargy, depression
What breeds are predisposed to juvenile cellulitis?
Goldens, Dachshunds, Gordon Setters, English Cockers, Labs, Lhasa Apso
