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Dermatology > Unit 1: Canine Pyoderma > Flashcards

Unit 1: Canine Pyoderma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major organism associated with canine pyoderma?

A

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

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2
Q

What organism is this?

A

Staph pseudintermedius

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3
Q

What are the 8 primary diseases that predispose dogs to pyoderma?

A
  1. Allergic hypersensitivity
  2. Endocrinopathies
  3. Demodicosis
  4. Ectodermal dysplasias
  5. Follicular dysplasias
  6. Keratinization disorders
  7. Neoplastic disease
  8. Immunosuppressive therapy
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4
Q

What is the clinical presentation of pyoderma in dogs?

A

Patchy, moth-eaten hair coat (folliculitis), pustules, papules, epidermal collarette

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5
Q

What are hot spots?

A

Sudden areas of deep pyoderma that need systemic treatment;

usually due to fleas

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6
Q

What happens with the seborrheic form of pyoderma?

A

Skin is turning over quickly and there is overproduction of keratin debris;

Crusting, dry, scaly; wants to hyperpigment and almost looks like lichenification

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7
Q

Where does mucocutaneous pyoderma manifest?

A

Periocular, nasal planum, perioral, perianal, preputial, around foot pads

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8
Q

Mucocutaneous pyoderma is the #1 DDx for _____.

A

discoid lupus

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9
Q

How can you differentiate between mucocutaneous pyoderma and DLE?

A

See cocci and treat and goes away = pyoderma

Does not go away = consider biopsy for DLE

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10
Q

T/F: Chin pyoderma is a true bacterial infection

A

False

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11
Q

What is chin pyoderma?

A

Combo of lifestyle, ingrown hairs, ruptured hair follicles, etc.

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12
Q

What dogs get chin pyoderma?

A

Short haired bristly dogs (i.e. Vizslas)

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13
Q

What is the treatment length for superficial pyoderma?

A

21 days or 1 week past clinical resolution

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14
Q

What is the treatment length for deep pyoderma?

A

6 weeks or 2 weeks past clinical resolution

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15
Q

What are the 3 R’s of pyoderma?

A

Relapse, recurrence, resistance

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16
Q

What is recurrence?

A

Failure to address underlying cause

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17
Q

What is resistance?

A

Failure to resolve with appropriate therapy

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18
Q

What is methicillin resistance?

A

Most important antimicrobial resistance of staph spp, carried by the mecA gene which encodes for an altered penicillin binding protein

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19
Q

What drugs are affected by methicillin resistance?

A

All B-lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams)

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20
Q

What is the drug of choice for pyoderma?

A

Cephalexin

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21
Q

What drug is good for abscesses in pyoderma?

A

clindamycin

22
Q

What potentiated drug can be used that has broad spectrum activity?

A

Amoxicillin + calvulanic acid

23
Q

What 3rd generation cephalosporin is good for when there may be compliance issues?

A

Cefpodoxime - only given SID

24
Q

What 3rd generation cephalosporin is an injectable that is good for low compliance or the angry kitties?

A

cefovecin (convenia)

25
Q

What are the 2nd tier drugs and when do we use them?

A

Only use when indicated by the C&S:

Clindamycin, tetracyclines, FQs, chloramphenicol, potentiated sulfas, aminoglycosides, rifampin

26
Q

The tetracyclines are bacterio_____.

A

static

27
Q

The FQs are bacteri_____.

A

cidal

28
Q

Where do FQs concentrate?

A

in WBCs

29
Q

Chloramphenicol is bacterio____.

A

static

30
Q

FQs are _____ dependent.

A

concentration

31
Q

Chloramphenicol is _____ dependent.

A

time

32
Q

How often is Chloramphenicol given and what can it cause in SA?

A

TID; can cause reversible bone marrow suppression

33
Q

The potentiated sulfas are bacterio_____.

A

cidal

34
Q

Why should we be cautious when using potentiated sulfas and in what breed is this the worst?

A

They have the most adverse effects of any drug; DO NOT use in Dobermans

35
Q

Aminoglycosides are bacterio_____ and _____ dependent.

A

cidal, concentration

36
Q

What are the adverse effects of the aminoglycosides?

A

Nephrotoxicity and ototixicity

37
Q

Rifampin is bacteri_____.

A

cidal/static

38
Q

What is the main adverse effect of the potentiated sulfas?

A

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

39
Q

What is the main adverse effect of the aminoglycosides?

A

Nephrotoxicity

40
Q

What is the go-to topical agent for pyoderma?

A

Chlorhexidine

41
Q

Chlorhexidine is synergistic with _____.

A

azoles

42
Q

How does benzoyl peroxide work?

A

By lysis/oxidative burst; it is bactericidal

43
Q

What is the downside to benzoyl peroxide?

A

It is drying, irritating, and bleaching

44
Q

Benzoyl peroxide is not a good long-term option for _____ patients.

A

atopic

45
Q

What is similar to benzoyl peroxide but less effective?

A

ethyl lactate

46
Q

What are the downsides to using boric acid/acetic acid combos?

A

It is astringent (drying), causes skin irritation, and has questionable efficacy

47
Q

What topical is used for highly resistant bacteria?

A

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

48
Q

What topical is labor intensive and mimics oxidative burst?

A

hypochlorous acid

49
Q

What is mupirocin good for?

A

G+ bacteria; has good wound penetration

50
Q

What is SSD good for?

A

G-; enhances epithelialization

Dermatology (14 decks)

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