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Anamtomy & Physiology > Unit 1 - Chapter 4 - Tissues > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Chapter 4 - Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

how many kinds of tissues are there and what are their names

A

4
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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2
Q

what is homeostasis

A

the relative constancy of the internal environment

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3
Q

expand on fluid material in cells

A

each tissue differs in the amount/kind of fluis it has in its cells

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4
Q

what is the difference between collagen and elastin

A
  • collagen is a protein that gives tissues flexible stength
  • elastin gives tissues the ability to stretch/rebound easily
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5
Q

expand on epithelial tissues

A
  • forms sheets that cover the body and forms ducts/tubes
  • contains no blood vessels
  • the basement membrane (gluelike structure) connects it to its connective tissue foundatiom
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6
Q

how many kinds of epithelial tissues are there and what are their names

A

6
simple squamous
stratified squamous
simple cuboidal
simple columnar
pseudostratified
staratified transitional

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7
Q

expand on simple squamous epithelial tissue, where its found and its function

A
  • single layer of flattened cells
  • found in alveoili, lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
  • functions are diffusion, filtration, osmosis
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8
Q

expand on stratified squamous epithelial tissue, where its found and its function

A
  • has many layers
  • outermost layer is flattened cells
  • found in surface of skin and lining of mouth/esophagus
  • function is protection
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9
Q

expand on simple cuboidal epithelial tissue, where its found and its function

A
  • single layer of cells that are as tall as they are wide
  • found in glands, kidney tubles
  • functions is secretion, absorption
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10
Q

expand on simple columnar epithelial tissue, where its found

A
  • single layer of tall, narrow cells
  • found in surface layer lining of stomach, intestines, respiratory tract, fallopian tubes
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11
Q

expand on pseudostratified epithelial tissue, where its found and its function

A
  • single layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if there were more layers
  • found in the lining of the respiratory tract, male reproductive tract
  • function is protection (by cilia/mucus)
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12
Q

expand on stratified transitional epithelial tissue, where its found and its function

A
  • many layers of varying shapes
  • found in urinary bladder
  • function if protection
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13
Q

expand on connective tissues

A
  • most abundant and wildly distributed tissue in the body
  • found in skin, membranes, muscles, bones, nerves, internal organs
  • connects tissues to each other and forms a supporting framework for the body
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14
Q

how many types of connective tissues are there and what are their names

A

8
loose fibrous (areolar)
adipose (white and brown fat)
reticular
dense fibrous (irregular and regular)
bone (compact and cancellous)
cartillage (hyaline, fibrocartillage and elastic)
blood
hematopoietic

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15
Q

what is loost fibrous (areolar) connective tissue, where is it found and what is its function

A
  • loose arrangement of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, cells
  • found in fascia
  • function is connection
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16
Q

what is asipose connective tissue, where is it found and what is it’s functions

A
  • contains triglyceride vesicles
  • white fat is found under the skin and its function is protection, insulation, support, nutrient reserve and regulation
  • brown fat is found under the pocket of white fat such as the neck and torso and its function is heat production and regulation
17
Q

expand on reticualr connective tissue, where is it found and what is its function

A
  • network of fine collagen fibers
  • found in bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes
  • supports blood producing cells and immune cells
18
Q

expand on dense fibrous (Irregular and regular) connective tissue, where its found and what is its function

A
  • dense arrangment of collagen fiber bundles forming straps or sheets
  • found in tendons, ligaments, fascia, scar tissue
  • function is being flexible, but strong
19
Q

expand on bone connective tissue, where its found and what is its function

A
  • hard calcified matric arranged in osteons (compact) or network of beams (cancellous)
  • found in the skeleton
  • functions are support and protection
20
Q

expand on cartilage connective tissue

A
  • hard but some what flexible gel matrix with embedded chondrocytes
21
Q

what are the 3 types of cartillage connective tissue

A

hyaline
fibrocartillage
elastic

22
Q

where is each type of cartillage connective tissue found and what is its function

A
  • hyaline is founf in the nasal septim, bones, larynx wall and bronchi and its function is firm but flexible support
  • fibrocartillage is found in disks between vertebrae and in knee joints and its function is withstanding pressure
  • elastic cartillage is found in the external ear and its function is flexible suppoer
23
Q

expand on blood connective tissue, where is it found and what is its function

A
  • liquid matrix with flowing red/white blood cells
  • found in blood cells
  • function is transportation
24
Q

expand on hematopoietic connective tissue, where it is found and what is its function

A
  • liquid matrix with dense arrangement of blood producing cells
  • found in red bone marrow
  • function if blood cell formation
25
Q

expand on muscle tissues

A
  • muscle cells are the movement specialists of the body
  • have a higher level of contractibility than any other tissue cell
26
Q

how many kinds of muscle tissue are there and what are their names

A

3
skeletal (striated voluntary)
cardiac (striated involuntary)
smooth (nonstriated involuntary)

27
Q

expand on skeletal (striated voluntary) muscle tissues, where they are found and what their function is

A
  • long threadlike cells with multiple nuclei/striations
  • found in eyeballs, upper 1/3 of esophagus and muscles that attach to bones
  • functions are eye movements, swallowing, posture and production of body heat
28
Q

expand on cardiac (striated involuntary) muscle tissues, where they are found and their function

A
  • branching, interconnected cylinders with faint striations
  • found in the wall of the heart
  • function is contracting heart
29
Q

expand on smooth (nonstriated involuntary) muscle tissues, where they are found and their function

A
  • threadlike cells with single nuclei and no striations
  • found in digestive/respiratory tract, blood/lymphatic vessels, eye/hair muscles
  • function is movement of substances along tracts/ducts, changing diamete of vessels/pupils
30
Q

what does nervous tissue do

A

controls body functions and coordinates rapid communication between body structures

31
Q

what are neurons

A

impulse coordinating units

32
Q

what are glia/neuroglia

A

special connecting/supporting cells

33
Q

what are axons

A

they transmit a nerve impulse away from the cell

34
Q

what do dendrites do

A

carry impulses toward the cell body

35
Q

expand on tissue repair

A
  • regeneration is when phagocytes removed dead cells and allow new tissue cells of the original tyoe to fill in the gaps they left
  • the destroyed tissue is replaced by a scar
36
Q

what tissues have the greatest capability to regenerate

A

epithelial and connective

37
Q

whats the difference between a scar and a keloid

A
  • scar is a dense fibrous mass
  • keloid is a thick scar that develops in the lower layer of the skin

Anamtomy & Physiology (8 decks)

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