Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Social Psych 3310 > Unit 1 (Ch1-4) > Flashcards

Unit 1 (Ch1-4) Flashcards

1
Q

In what way do we construct our own social reality?

A

Our interpretation of events matter. “To have a good day, have a good day.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social intuitions are ______, but sometimes _____.

A

Powerful; Perilous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Broadly speaking, what is intuition?

A

Our trained unconscious mind (not in the freudian sense)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Social influences shape our _____.

A

Behavior (we care what others think)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What other than social influences shape our behavior?

A

Attitudes and Dispositions (internal forces)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Social behavior is ______ rooted.

A

Biologically; social neuroscience subfield

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Difference between Sociology and Social Psychology

A

The level of analysis. Individual vs. Group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 2 criticisms of social psychology mentioned in the book?

A

1) It is common sense (trivial)
2) It is dangerous to manipulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mundane realism

A

The degree to which an experiment matches real life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Self-Esteem

A

Our sense of self-worth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What’s Lawrence’s critique of self-esteem?

A

One’s self-esteem depends on the day. Might be better to measure how reactive one is to good or bad events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Collectivist vs. Individualist (Self-esteem)

A

Collectivist: more context-specific
Individualist: more steady, more personal; more individual conflict (more divorces), uses social comparison to boost self esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Planning Fallacy

A

The tendency to underestimate how long it’ll take to complete a task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Affective Forecasting

A

Predicting future emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Impact bias

A

The tendency to overestimate the length or intensity of future states of emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What’s illusion of self-analysis?

A

When we analyze reasons we feel the way we do, we tend to make worse judgements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dual Attitude System

A

Our implicit attitudes often differ from explicit ones. (gut reaction differs to thought-out attitude); leads to self-report issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What’s the motivating power of self-esteem?

A

Seeing others succeed. Friends threaten self-esteem more than strangers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Narcissism

A

A disorder of overly thinking of self. When threatened, a narcissist will be aggressive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Terror Management Theory

A

People tend to be self-protective when reminded of their mortality. People become more stringent and less open-minded!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Self-Efficacy

A

An individual’s belief of ability to complete a task.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Self-esteem vs. Self-efficacy

A

Self-esteem is self-worth (what you think of your own value). Self-efficacy is how confident you are to complete something.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Self-serving bias

A

We evaluate ourselves as better than we are.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Self-serving attributions

A

We deflect negative attributions off ourselves (and to something external)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Unrealistic optimism
Predicting a future outcome to be more favourable than an objective standard. Most are disposed to optimism.
26
What does illusory optimism lead to?
Vulnerability
27
Defensive pessimism
An adaptive type of pessimism (sees what can possibly go wrong and makes an effective remedy)
28
False consensus effect
The tendency to believe that others think like we do (making us feel validated)
29
False uniqueness effect
The tendency to think our good behaviors are unique. (ex: 10 commandment data study)
30
Self-handicapping
We handicap ourselves to attribute failure to external factors
31
Self-presentation
How people attempt to present themselves to control how others view them
32
Self-monitoring
Ability to regulate self-presentations to match social situations (social chameleons)
33
What are the twin-truths of thinking about self?
Pride is perilous, but positive thinking is important.
34
Priming
Activation of associations (unconsciously or consciously) before another stimulus is introduced
35
Embodied Cognition
Abstract psychological concepts become physiological (eg. hard, cold, etc.)
36
Overconfidence
Being more confident than correct. Possibly to make us feel better about our decisions.
37
Confirmation Bias
We pay more attention to things that confirm our beliefs
38
Heuristics
Mental Shortcuts
39
Representativeness Heuristic
Stereotypes; someone is part of group because they look like them. Ignores base-rate info.
40
Availability Heuristic
Availability in memory = likely. Paradoxically, rare things are more memorable.
41
Counterfactual Thinking
"if only.." (silver medal smile less than bronze)
42
Illusory Correlation
Perception of a correlation when there is no correlation (regression to avg)
43
Belief Perseverance
Maintaining beliefs even when there's contrary evidence (due to confirmation bias)
44
How confirmation bias relates to memory
We remember confirming information.
45
Misinformation Effect
Post-event information change our memory of an event
46
Attribution Theory
how we explain others' behavior to ourselves
47
Dispositional Attribution
Attributing behavior to people's inherent characteristics (unfavorable reaction)
48
Situational Attribution
Attributing behavior to the situation (situational reaction)
49
Fundamental Attribution Error
We over-attribute others' behavior to traits rather than situations
50
Spontaneous Trait Attribution
A dispositional attribution made automatically based on something else.
51
Under what circumstances (positive/negative) are dispositional/situational more common?
Negative --> dispositional Positive --> situational
52
Self-fulfilling Prophecy
Something comes true as a result of expectation. Problems in experimenter bias
53
Behavioral Confirmation
A form of self-fulfilling prophecy; you behave in a way that causes others to confirm expectations (in class, it's what you hear --> confirm expectation; therapy example)
54
Attitudes
Feelings influenced by beliefs that predispose us favorably or unfavorably to things
55
Are attitudes a good predictor of behavior? Vice versa?
No. Behavior predicts attitudes well. (eg. donating blood)
56
When do attitudes predict behavior?
When other influences on behavior are minimal, when an attitude is specific to a behavior, and when the attitude is salient or potent.
57
Implicit Association Test
Measures attitudes or beliefs unable to report (system 1); implicit biases by using reaction time.
58
Theory of Planned Behavior
Attitudes, Norms, and Perceived Control shape intention and then behavior
59
How does behavior affect attitudes?
Attitudes follow behavior. There are mental aftereffects of behavior. Killing begets killing (insects). Speed dating example
60
Role Playing
Saying becomes believing (Zimbardo prison study).
61
Self-presentation theory
Impression management. We desire to make a positive impression by doing what we're supposed to.
62
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Reduce dissonance by changing how we think (it's either think or behave. but we behaved already). Assumes people want to be consistent internally and externally
63
Insufficient justification
Engage in behavior that's contrary to beliefs when there's small external justification (needs more internal justification). Part of cognitive dissonance theory.
64
Self-perception theory
We change attitudes due to self-observation. Facial-feedback and overjustification effects related

Social Psych 3310 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions