UN Rest And Activity Flashcards
Sleep is controlled by 3 distinct processes
Homeostatic process
Circadian process
Ultradian process
What is homeostatic process
Sleep-wake cycle
Reticular activation syst (RAS) affects s-w transitions
What is the circadian process
24hr circadian rhythm and biological clock, synchronizes s-w cycles
What is ultradian process
Non rapid eye mvmt (NREM) (3 stages),
REM
Stages of sleep
- NREM 1: 2-5% lightest level of sleep
- NREM 2: 45-55%, 10-15 min
- NREM 3: 10%, deepest sleep, restoring energy
- REM sleep: 25%, dreams, highly active brain
Sleep cycle organization
Presleep 10-30 min
Four to five complete cycles of 90-120min
Function of sleep
Unclear, maintains biology functions
Sleep deprivation causes
-Enviro factors (noise, light, uncomfortable)
-Pathophysiological (pain, invasive equipments)
-Emotional (stress, lack of control/privacy)
Sleep disorders
Insomnia (difficulty to fall/remain asleep)
Sleep apnea (cessation of breathing)
Parasomnia (sleep walking)
Narcolepsy (neurological sleep disorder)
Actions to enhance sleep patterns
Regular bedtime
no naps or 20 min only
relax before bed
Limit coffee/alcohol in late afternoon+
Consume carbohydrates or milk before bedtime
decrease intake of fluid 2-4hrs before
Med for pain 30 min before
Nurses actions for pt sleep quality
Assist hygiene practice
Fix bed linen
Encourage voiding before
Give blankets
Benefits of activity
- Contributes to pt physical/emotional well-being
- Prevents risk of deconditioning
- Prevents functional decline
- Supports activities of daily living
Effects of exercice on cardiovascular
Strengthens heart muscle contraction and cardiac output
Exercice in pulmonary
Improve gas exchange
Exercise on metabolic
Increases: basal metabolic rate, gastric mobility, production of body heat
Exercise on musculoskeletal
Improves strength and tone if skeletal muscles, increase bine density
Exercice on activity intolerance
Improves tolerance and decreases fatigue
Exercise on psychosocial
Improves tolerance to stress
Factors influencing activity
- Developmental changes
- Behavioural aspects (motivation,knowledge)
- Environmental issues
- Cultural/ethnic influences
- Family/social support
Deconditioning is
-Complication of immobilization
-Commonly led to by extended or complicated hospitalizations
-on bed rest without illness loses 3% muscles strength from baseline levels
What is muscle atrophy
Decrease in size of muscles
Muscle hypertrophy
Muscle enlargement
Contractures
Permanent shortening of muscle and subsequent shortening of tendons and ligaments
Crepitation
Palpable/audible crackling produced by bones rubbing against each other
assessment in pt physique
Mobility/gait, ROM (degree of damage to a joint
Changes in a pt unable to tolerate strenuous activity
HR or RR exceeds baseline, facial pallor, dizziness sob weakness chest pain
Nursing actions for rest and activity
-Discuss activity/rest patterns and develop plan
-ways to minimize fatigue (slower and shorter activities, rest often, more assistance
-increase energy (high energy food, adequate rest)
-techniques to monitor activity tolerance
Nursing actions to maintain balance between rest and activity
Stretching, active ROM exercise, low intensity walking, assist with passive ROM, analgesic 30 min before exercise
