UN Rest And Activity

Question 1

Sleep is controlled by 3 distinct processes

Answer 1

Homeostatic process
Circadian process
Ultradian process

Question 2

What is homeostatic process

Answer 2

Sleep-wake cycle
Reticular activation syst (RAS) affects s-w transitions

Question 3

What is the circadian process

Answer 3

24hr circadian rhythm and biological clock, synchronizes s-w cycles

Question 4

What is ultradian process

Answer 4

Non rapid eye mvmt (NREM) (3 stages),
REM

Question 5

Stages of sleep

Answer 5

1. NREM 1: 2-5% lightest level of sleep
2. NREM 2: 45-55%, 10-15 min
3. NREM 3: 10%, deepest sleep, restoring energy
4. REM sleep: 25%, dreams, highly active brain

Question 6

Sleep cycle organization

Answer 6

Presleep 10-30 min
Four to five complete cycles of 90-120min

Question 7

Function of sleep

Answer 7

Unclear, maintains biology functions

Question 8

Sleep deprivation causes

Answer 8

-Enviro factors (noise, light, uncomfortable)
-Pathophysiological (pain, invasive equipments)
-Emotional (stress, lack of control/privacy)

Question 9

Sleep disorders

Answer 9

Insomnia (difficulty to fall/remain asleep)
Sleep apnea (cessation of breathing)
Parasomnia (sleep walking)
Narcolepsy (neurological sleep disorder)

Question 10

Actions to enhance sleep patterns

Answer 10

Regular bedtime
no naps or 20 min only
relax before bed
Limit coffee/alcohol in late afternoon+
Consume carbohydrates or milk before bedtime
decrease intake of fluid 2-4hrs before
Med for pain 30 min before

Question 11

Nurses actions for pt sleep quality

Answer 11

Assist hygiene practice
Fix bed linen
Encourage voiding before
Give blankets

Question 12

Benefits of activity

Answer 12

1. Contributes to pt physical/emotional well-being
2. Prevents risk of deconditioning
3. Prevents functional decline
4. Supports activities of daily living

Question 13

Effects of exercice on cardiovascular

Answer 13

Strengthens heart muscle contraction and cardiac output

Question 14

Exercice in pulmonary

Answer 14

Improve gas exchange

Question 15

Exercise on metabolic

Answer 15

Increases: basal metabolic rate, gastric mobility, production of body heat

Question 16

Exercise on musculoskeletal

Answer 16

Improves strength and tone if skeletal muscles, increase bine density

Question 17

Exercice on activity intolerance

Answer 17

Improves tolerance and decreases fatigue

Question 18

Exercise on psychosocial

Answer 18

Improves tolerance to stress

Question 19

Factors influencing activity

Answer 19

1. Developmental changes
2. Behavioural aspects (motivation,knowledge)
3. Environmental issues
4. Cultural/ethnic influences
5. Family/social support

Question 20

Deconditioning is

Answer 20

-Complication of immobilization
-Commonly led to by extended or complicated hospitalizations
-on bed rest without illness loses 3% muscles strength from baseline levels

Question 21

What is muscle atrophy

Answer 21

Decrease in size of muscles

Question 22

Muscle hypertrophy

Answer 22

Muscle enlargement

Question 23

Contractures

Answer 23

Permanent shortening of muscle and subsequent shortening of tendons and ligaments

Question 24

Crepitation

Answer 24

Palpable/audible crackling produced by bones rubbing against each other

Question 25

assessment in pt physique

Answer 25

Mobility/gait, ROM (degree of damage to a joint

Question 26

Changes in a pt unable to tolerate strenuous activity

Answer 26

HR or RR exceeds baseline, facial pallor, dizziness sob weakness chest pain

Question 27

Nursing actions for rest and activity

Answer 27

-Discuss activity/rest patterns and develop plan
-ways to minimize fatigue (slower and shorter activities, rest often, more assistance
-increase energy (high energy food, adequate rest)
-techniques to monitor activity tolerance

Question 28

Nursing actions to maintain balance between rest and activity

Answer 28

Stretching, active ROM exercise, low intensity walking, assist with passive ROM, analgesic 30 min before exercise