Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Principles > Ultrasound > Flashcards

Ultrasound Flashcards

1
Q

When and where was ultrasound used in medicine

A

1950’s
Popular first in obstetrics
No ionizing radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Advantages of ultrasound (4)

A

Identify anatomical structures

Relationship of needle to tissues

May decrease time

May decrease complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ultrasound waves travel between_____

A

Travel 2-20 Mhz
Travels differently in different structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Audible sound Hz

A

(Audible sound = 20-20,000 Hz)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 things that sound waves can do when it encounters a surface (interfaces)

A

Transmitted
Reflected
Something in between

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The sound waves that are_____ back to______ create____ recorded by the computer

A

The sound waves that are reflected back to crystals create impulse recorded by the computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anechoic

A

without
dark picture- transmitted sound waves
fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hyerechoic

A

Bright
reflected
bones/stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Isoechoic color

A

shades of gray
bewtween transmitted adn reflected
soft tissue/muscle/fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fluid on ultrasound is seen as

A

anechoic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What changes shape and vibrates to give us a picture

A

Piezoelectric crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Piezoelectric crystals fucntion

A

Inside head of the transducer

Change shape with electric impulse
Starts to vibrate
Generates sound waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Linear array features (3)

A

High frequency (7-15 MHz)
Better resolution at
Superficial depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bundle of nerves, carotid, IJ use what transducer?

A

linear array

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Curved array features (3)

A

Low frequency (2-5 MHz)
Poorer resolution
Deeper tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Looking at stomach or gal bladder use what probe?

A

curved array

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Phased array features (2)

A

Lowest frequency (1-3 MHz)
Useful for echocardiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Axial plane

A

cut body horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sgittal plane

A

cute body vertically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the static approach? (3)

A

-identifying the target vessel, assessing patency
-marking an appropriate insertion site
-cannulating blindly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the dynamic approach?

A

performing the procedure in real time
viewing the needle puncturing the vessel wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Term for posture and body mechanics

A

Ergonomics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How to hold probe

A

like a pencil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do you put the gel on?

A

on the cover on the probe

25
Q

What are the two ways to focus?

A

Gain and depth

26
Q

Quality of the signal you are getting back to the structure

A

Gain = brightness signal quality

too dark or too bright

27
Q

When the gain is adjused enough….

A

Twist back and forth until fluid is black and soft tissue is mid-grey

28
Q

Depth measures are shown….

A

Depth measures are shown in cm on side of screen

29
Q

what setting is a knob and what is a button

A

knob = gain
buttons = depth

30
Q

tips for using depth

A

Start at high depth then work to bring object of interest into middle of screen

31
Q

IN plane vs out of plane refers to______

A

Refers to relationship of needle to plane of ultrasound

32
Q

In-Plane

A

transducer head and needle = parallel, see the needle for as long as the transducer head is.

33
Q

out of plane

A

head of transducer and needle is perpendicular = needle looks like a dot

34
Q

should always be in the_____ axis for procedures

A

long

35
Q

advantages of in-plane view

A

See whole needle and tip

36
Q

Disadvantages of in-plane

A

easy to be off plane

37
Q

advantages of out of plane

A

Needle is positioned directly under plane of ultrasound

38
Q

disadvantages of out of plane

A

Unclear where tip of needle is

39
Q

View used for Central line

A

out of plane view

40
Q

Vanishing sign

A

Looking for hyperechoic signal = find by scanning up and down the neck. Know that the needle is intraluminer and scan up and down the neck = see wire moving and will move inside but getting at different angle.

41
Q

indications of Ultrasoundguided IV access (2)

A

History of difficult cannulation
Multiple failed attempts

42
Q

Contraindications for Ultrasoundguided IV access

A

Does not substitute for IO access in life-threatening situations

43
Q

which probe to use for Ultrasoundguided IV access

A

Linear
high frequency

44
Q

Ultrasound guided IV access with linear probe exceptions

A

Obese = curved for deeper view

45
Q

FAST

A

Focusedassessment withsonography fortrauma

46
Q

indications for FAST

A

To r/o free fluid in the abdomen and pericardium

47
Q

Which probe is used for FAST

A

Curvilinear because looking for organs

48
Q

Assessment points for FAST

A
  1. RUQ- Morison’s pouch
  2. LUQ- Peri-splenic view
  3. Pelvic view- Suprapubic
  4. Cardiac view
49
Q

Free fluid in morisons pouch

A

Between liver and kidney

50
Q

Perisplenic view

A

look between spleed and kidney

51
Q

Pop during nerve blocks means what?

A

Needle passing through nerve sheath

52
Q

Indications for gastric ultrasound (3)

A

-Lack of adherence to fasting instructions

-Unclear fasting history

-Potential delay in gastric emptying

53
Q

Testing for NPO

A

<1.5 ml/kg = unlikely to have enough to have enough to worry about with aspiration

> 1.5 ml/kg and solid food on ultrasound = potential aspiration = RSI, wait to do the case,

54
Q

Normal stomach on ultrasound looks like a ______

A

bullseye

55
Q

High depth

A

too far away

56
Q

Low depth

A

too close

57
Q

Low depth

A

too close

58
Q

High depth

A

too far away

Principles (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions