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principles > Anesthesia Machines > Flashcards

Anesthesia Machines Flashcards

1
Q

Who Oversees standards of anesthesia machine?

A

American Society for Testing and Materials

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2
Q

If the master switch is on….. (2)

A

Pneumatic and electrical functions
Activates alarms and safety features

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3
Q

If the master switch is off the only things that work are….. (3)

A

Battery charger
Electrical outlets
The oxygen flush valve is active

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4
Q

Power Failure Indicator

A

Newer machines have 1 backup source for all components (battery)

Keep machine plugged in- to keep batter charging.

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5
Q

If having to use the backup battery what drains the battery the most?

A

Ventilator -> hand bag to conserve battery

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6
Q

What is the hospital backup

A

red outlets

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7
Q

Intended to power ANESTHESIA monitor

A

Electrical outlets (on machine)

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8
Q

Other appliances should be plugged into……

A

hospital main

If requirements exceed outlet; circuit breaker will activate

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9
Q

3 parts of pneumatic system

A

High pressure

Intermediate pressure

Low pressure

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10
Q

Receives gases from cylinders at high variable pressure

A

High pressure system;

cylinders
pressure release valve
check valves

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11
Q

Purpose of the high pressure system

A

reduces to lower, more constant pressure suitable for use in machine

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12
Q

Hanger yokes ensure______

A

Ensures a unidirectional flow

Required to have a least 1 yoke for oxygen and 1 for nitrous

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13
Q

Hanger yoke parts

A

Body- principal framework
Retaining screw- tightens cylinder (clamp)
Nipple- thru which gas enters machine
Index pins- prevents attaching an incorrect cylinder (PISS)
Washer- forms seal between cylinder and yoke
Check valve assembly- ensures unidirectional flow

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14
Q

Prevents gas from exiting machine when there is no cylinder in yoke

A

Check valve assembly

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15
Q

check valves assesmbly Prevents gas from being transferred from a cylinder with higher pressure to one with lower pressure if…..

A

if both are in a yoke and ON

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16
Q

Also called reducing valves

A

Pressure Regulators

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17
Q

Purpose of the pressure regulators (2)

A

Reduces high, variable pressure in cylinders to lower constant pressure for machine

Regulator required for each gas supplied by cylinder

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18
Q

Without reducing valves……

A

provider would have to constantly adjust flowmeter to provide constant flow

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19
Q

If master switch is OFF, intermediate pressure system pressure……..

A

is 0

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20
Q

Receives gases from the pressure regulator or pipeline

A

Intermediate pressure system

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21
Q

regulator and pipeline pressure

A

(45 psi cylinder regulator) (50-55 psi pipeline (wall))—–more than that is too high to deliver to patients. stay below these numbers.

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22
Q

Intermediate pressure system includes…..(6)

A

Pneumatic part of master switch
Pipeline inlet connections and indicators
Piping
Oxygen pressure failure devices
Oxygen flush valve
Flow control valves

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23
Q

Entry point for gases from pipelines

A

Pipeline Inlet Connections (in the intermediate pressure system)

24
Q

Pipeline Inlet connections are fitted with ______

A

DISS

require oxygen, nitrous and most have air

25
Q

Pipeline Inlet Connections must contain________

A

Must contain unidirectional check valve to prevent gas returning to pipeline

26
Q

Pipeline Pressure Indicators (4)

A

Indicator required for each gas monitored

Usually found on front of anesthesia machine

Digital or newer machines have LED

Indicator must be on pipeline side….if downstream and cylinder valve open, adequate pressure reading until cylinder is 0

27
Q

Connects components inside machine in the intermediate pressure system

A

piping

28
Q

Piping must be able to……..and leaks must not exceed…….

A

Must be able to withstand 4x intended pressure (200 PSI)

Leaks must not exceed 25ml/min inside machine

29
Q

if oxygen pressure is reduced (30 psi)….. (5)

A

Decreases or discontinues nitrous
Maintains 19% O2 concentration at common gas outlet
Continues until oxygen flow ceases
Simulated in machine check…

oxygen failure alarm will sound within 5 seconds

30
Q

Receives oxygen from pipeline inlet or cylinder pressure regulator

A

Oxygen Flush

Sends O2 to common gas outlet

31
Q

Oxygen Flush must be (5)

A

Operable with 1 hand
Single purpose
Self-closing
Designed to minimize accidental use
Have flow between 35-75 L/min

32
Q

Hazards of Oxygen Flush (3)

A

May stick on
May cause barotrauma
May cause awareness

33
Q

Regulate flow of oxygen, air, and other gases

A

Flow Adjustment Control

34
Q

Oxygen flow knob must be _______

A

fluted and larger than other gases (looks and feels different)

35
Q

Downstream of flow control devices

A

Low Pressure System

flow meters are breaking point

36
Q

Low pressure system pressures are……and depend on …..

A

Pressure is slightly above atmospheric and variable
Depends on flow from flowmeters and backpressure from breathing circuit

37
Q

Low Pressure System includes (5)

A

Flowmeters
Hypoxia prevention devices
Unidirectional valves
Pressure relief devices
Common gas outlet

38
Q

Indicate rate that gas is passing through

A

Flowmeters

39
Q

Flowmeters design (5)

A

Thorpe tube- vertical glass tube
Smallest diameter at bottom
Free floating indicator
A stop at top of tube
A flow scale

40
Q

Flowmeteres empties into______

A

Empties into a common manifold to deliver gases

41
Q

Flowmeter Sequence

A

Normal gas flow bottom-top and left-right

42
Q

Standard requires oxygen flowmeter to be placed on _____ side

A

right

43
Q

Machine manufacturers and sequence

A

drager; nitrous, air, oxygen
Ohmeda; air, nitrous, oxygen

44
Q

Mandatory Minimum Oxygen Flow

A

Minimum of 50-250 ml/min flow (always)
Activated when master switch ON

45
Q

Minimum Oxygen Ratio

A

Uses mechanical linkage with nitrous
Link engages when oxygen conc. 25%

cant turn nitrous up anymore without turning up the oxygen

46
Q

Hypoxia Prevention Devices

A

Mandatory Minimum Oxygen Flow
Minimum Oxygen Ratio

47
Q

Unidirectional valves are located…..

A

Located between vaporizer and common gas outlet
Upstream from oxygen flush valve

48
Q

Lessens back pressure from flush or breathing circuit

A

Unidirectional Valves

49
Q

Opens to atmosphere and vents if preset pressure is exceeded

A

Pressure Relief Devices

50
Q

Pressure relief devices are located….

A

Near common gas outlet

51
Q

pressure relief devices and jet venilator

A

Limits ability of machine to provide adequate pressure for jet ventilation- instead to

52
Q

Receives all gases from machine and delivers mixture circuit

A

Common Gas Outlet

53
Q

common gas outlet must be….

A

Must be difficult to disconnect

54
Q

Common Gas Outlet should not be used for….

A

Should not be used for supplemental oxygen

Delay in emergencies
Potential delivery of inhalational agents

55
Q

Delivers oxygen in case of electronic power failure

A

Alternative Oxygen Control

56
Q

Cylinder pressure indicator (4)

A

Must be present for each gas supplied by cylinders

Increase pressure straightens curve

Falling pressure causes curve to redevelop

Motion is transmitted to gauge

57
Q

Gauge required to be calibrated in ______

A

Gauge required to be calibrated in kilopascals (kPa)

may also be PSI

principles (34 decks)

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