Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Mage/Tarm > Ulcerøs kolitt - Amboss > Flashcards

Ulcerøs kolitt - Amboss Flashcards

1
Q

Hvordan er prevalensen av ulcerøs kolitt (UC)?

Amerikansk data

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ved hvilket alderstrinn er insidensen av UC høyest?

Amerikansk data

A
20–25% of cases occur in individuals aged 20 years or younger, but ulcerative colitis rarely occurs in children younger than 10 years of age.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hvilke risikofaktorer for UC er identifisert?

A
In approximately 20% of cases, there is a family history of ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hvilke beskyttende faktorer for utvikling av UC er identifisert?

A
In the past, appendectomy was used to treat ulcerative colitis. Smoking decreases the risk of ulcerative colitis and has a positive effect on the course of the disease. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, as smoking has negative effects on other inflammatory diseases (e.g., Crohn disease). Smoking is inadvisable despite the positive effects it may have on ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hvordan klassifiserer man UC basert på utbredelsen av sykdommen?

A
The extent of disease is classified based on endoscopic findings.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hvilke klassifikasjoner baserer sykdomsforløpet ut fra alvorligheten av UC?

A

Truelove and Witts severity indez for ulcerative colitis

The Truelove and Witts severity index is calculated based on the frequency of bowel movements, amount of blood in stool, heart rate, temperature, and ESR. However, it does not include endoscopy findings or fecal inflammatory markers and is not a severity scale that can be used to track disease activity over time.

American College of Gastroenterology (ACG)

Classifies the severity of UC with a combination of both endoscopic findings and clinical presentation.

Others

Classifies UC based on:
- Response to mediction
- Disease course
- Patient´s QoL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hvordan klassifiserer ACG UC, og hvilke kriterier er tatt med?

A
The criteria are meant to be used as a guide to help physicians assess disease activity. Not all criteria need to be fulfilled.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hvordan klassifiserers UC basert på “Truelove and Witts” alvorlighetsindeks, og hvilke kriterier er med?

A
Clinical features that fall between the criteria for mild and severe disease are considered moderate severity.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hva er patofysiologien til UC?

A
A disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier might be attributed to Th17 cell dysfunction, although the evidence for the involvement of Th17 cells is stronger in Crohn disease than in ulcerative colitis. Unlike ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease is characterized by transmural inflammation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hvilke intestinale symptomer forekommer ved UC?

A
Tenesmus: A distressing and persistent but ineffectual urge to empty the rectum or bladder.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hvilke ekstraintestinale symptomer forekommer ved UC?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hva er vanlige forløp av UC?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hva er “backwash ileitis”?

A
Ulcerative colitis typically only affects the colon. Pathophysiology; However, as the term 'backwash' suggests, inflammation of the terminal ileum may be caused by the presence of feces due to a defective ileocecal valve.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hvordan møter man en pas. med mistenkt UC?

A
Hematochezia; The passage of bright red, fresh blood in or with stools. Most commonly caused by lower gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g., from diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, ulcerative colitis, or colorectal cancer). Can also be caused by severe upper GI bleeding. Disease severity is only in part based on endoscopic findings.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hvilke blodprøver tar man når man mistenker UC?

A
Blood tests are not routinely required for diagnosis but help assess disease activity and severity. There is no correlation between pANCA titer and disease activity. However, the presence of pANCA and the absence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in symptomatic patients is suggestive of ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hvilke avføringsprøver er indisert ved mistanke om UC?

A
Stool testing for causes of gastroenteritis is indicated in all patients. Fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin are noninvasive markers of mucosal inflammation and can help differentiate inflammatory and infectious bowel conditions from functional disorders. C. difficile infection (CDI) may be a differential diagnosis in patients with symptoms of ulcerative colitis; CDI may also be present in up to ∼ 50% of patients with ulcerative colitis. Concomitant infection is associated with adverse outcomes including hospitalization, surgery, and death.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hvilken metode er anbefalt for å diagnostisere og overvåke UC?

A
Ileocolonoscopy in patients with ASUC carries an increased risk of perforation. If ileocolonoscopy is not performed initially, it should be performed once symptoms improve.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hvilke endoskopiske funn ser man ved hhv.:
- Tidlig stadium
- Kronisk sykdom

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Når er det indikasjon for sigmoidoskopi ved UC?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Når bruker man esophagogastroduodenoskopi (EGD)?

A
Not required for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in patients with a normal-appearing terminal ileum.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hva viser bildet?

A
Active ulcerative colitis; Endoscopic view of the colon. The mucosa appears edematous and several pseudopolyps are beginning to form. There is a loss of superficial vascular markings with a central area of spotty bleeding. These findings are characteristic of active ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hva viser bildet?

A
Active ulcerative colitis; Endoscopic view of the colon. The mucosa appears erythematous and edematous, indicating active inflammation. The vascular pattern has been lost and minor spontaneous hemorrhage is visible. A fibrin-covered ulceration (blue overlay) and several pseudopolyps (indicated by dashed lines) are visible. These features are characteristic of active ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hva viser bildet?

A
Acute ulcerative colitis; Colonoscopy photograph of the sigmoid colon. The mucosa is erythematous and edematous indicating active inflammation. There is a loss of superficial vascular markings, and several linear, semi-confluent ulcerations (green overlay) are present. These findings are characteristic of acute ulcerative colitis.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hva viser bildet?

A
Ulcerative colitis in remission; Endoscopic view of the colon in a patient with ulcerative colitis. The right side of the colon shows a loss of haustra and a diminished vascular pattern, both of which indicate previous exacerbations. On the left side of the colon, the haustral folds and vascular pattern are normal. There are no signs of active inflammation. This appearance is consistent with ulcerative colitis in remission.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hva viser bildet?
26
Hva viser bildet?
27
Hva viser bildet?
28
Hva viser bildet?
29
Hva viser bildet?
30
Hva viser bildet?
31
Når, og hvilke bildemodaliteter bruker man ved UC?
Imaging studies are not routinely recommended for diagnosing ulcerative colitis but may be used as an adjunct to endoscopy, particularly for the detection of complications, or if endoscopy is not possible. Rtg CT eller MR abd. Barium enema radiografi. Abdominal UL
32
Når er det indikasjon for å ta rtg. abd, og hvilke funn tyder på UC?
33
Hva viser bildet?
34
Hva viser bildet?
35
Når er det indikasjon for CT/MR ved UC, og hva er typiske funn?
36
Når er det indikasjon for barium enema ved UC, og hva kan man finne?
37
Når er det indisert å ta UL ved UC, og hva kan man finne?
38
Hva viser bildet?
39
Hva viser bildet?
40
Hvilke histologiske funn forventer man ved tidlig stadiet av UC?
41
Hvilke histologiske funn forventer man å finne ved kronisk stadiet av UC?
42
Hva viser bildet?
43
Hva viser bildet?
44
Hva viser pilen til?
45
Hva viser pilen til?
46
Hva viser pilen til?
47
Hva viser bildet?
48
Hva viser bildet?
49
Hvilke diff.diagnoser har man til UC?
50
Hva viser bildet?
51
Hva viser bildet?
52
Hva er mikroskopisk kolitt?
53
Hvilke histologiske subtyper av mikroskopisk kolitt?
54
Hvordan er epidemiologien til mikroskopisk kolitt?
55
Hvilken etiologi har mikroskopisk kolitt?
Ukjent
56
Hvilke risikofaktorer er identifisert i forb. med mikroskopisk kolitt?
57
Hvilke symptomer opptrer sammen med mikroskopisk kolitt?
58
Hvordan behandler man mikroskopisk kolitt?
59
Hva viser bildet?
60
Hvordan går man fram når man skal behandle UC?
61
Hvordan behandler man akutt, alvorlig UC?
62
Hvilken rolle har farmakologisk intervensjon ved UC, og hva er målet ved behandlingen?
63
Hvilke medikamenter kan brukes for å indusere remisjon hos pas. med mild til moderat UC?
64
Hvordan induserer man remisjon hos pas. med moderat til alvorlig UC?
65
Hvordan induserer man remisjon hos pas. med akutt alvorlig UC?
66
Hva gjelder ved bruken av kortikosteroider ved UC?
Systemic corticosteroids should only be used for induction of remission! Steroid-sparing agents are preferred for *maintenance of remission.*
67
Fyll ut oversikten over 5-ASA og 5-ASA derivatene
68
Hvilken tilleggsbehandling bør pas. med UC få?
69
Hvilken behandling kurerer UC, og hva er en av de største fordelen med denne typen behandling?
Operativ behandling! Ulcerative colitis can be cured surgically. Surgical treatment also reduces the risk of colorectal cancer.
70
Ved hvilke indikasjoner opererer man for UC?
71
Hvilken type operasjon kan man bruke ved UC?
72
Hvilke komplikasjoner kan oppstå etter operasjon av UC?
73
Hvordan er langtidsbehandlingen av UC?
74
Hvilke komplikasjoner kan oppstå pga. UC?
75
Hva bør man si til fertile kvinner om UC og graviditet?
76
Hvordan behandler man UC hos gravide kvinner?
77
Hvordan er prognosen til pas. med UC?
On average, the life expectancy of patients with ulcerative colitis is normal.

Mage/Tarm (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions