UE Neurology Flashcards
1
Q
Supraclavicular nerve comes from what anterior rami?
A
C3 and C4
2
Q
What two nerves branch off “roots”?
A
the dorsal scapular nerve and the long thoracic nerve
3
Q
the dorsal scapular nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?
A
C5
4
Q
the long thoracic nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5-c7
5
Q
the dorsal scapular nerve innervates what?
A
the rhomboid major, the rhomboid minor, and the levator scapulae muscles
6
Q
the long thoracic nerve innervates what?
A
the serratus anterior muscle
7
Q
What branches off the superior trunk?
A
the suprascapular nerve and the subclavian nerve
8
Q
the suprascapular nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5 and c6
9
Q
What is formed by the union of anterior rami of c5 and c6?
A
superior trunk
10
Q
the subclavian nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5 and c6
11
Q
What is formed by the anterior rami of c7?
A
the middle trunk
12
Q
what does the suprascapular nerve innervate?
A
the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles
13
Q
what does the subclavian nerve innervate?
A
the subclavian muscle
14
Q
What is formed by the union of anterior rami of C8 and T1?
A
the inferior trunk
15
Q
anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks forms what?
A
lateral cord
16
Q
anterior division of the inferior trunk forms what?
A
medial cord
17
Q
posterior divisions of the superior, middle, and inferior trunks forms what?
A
the posterior cord
18
Q
the lateral cord has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5-c7
19
Q
What branches off the lateral cord?
A
lateral pectoral nerve
20
Q
the lateral pectoral nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5-c7
21
Q
the lateral pectoral nerve innervates what?
A
pectoralis major muscle
22
Q
the posterior cord has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5-c8 and T1
23
Q
What branches off the posterior cord?
A
superior subscapular nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, inferior subscapular nerve
24
Q
the superior subscapular nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
A
c5-c6
25
the superior subscapular nerve innervates what?
superior portion of subscapularis muscle
26
the thoracodorsal nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c6-c8
27
the thoracodorsal nerve innervates what?
latissimus dorsi muscle
28
the inferior subscapular nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5-c6
29
the inferior subscapular nerve innervates what?
inferior portion of the subscapularis muscle and the teres major muscle
30
what branches off the medial cord?
medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous branch, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
31
the medial pectoral nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
C8 and T1
32
the medial pectoral nerve innervates what?
innervates pectoralis minor and major muscles
33
the medial brachial cutaneous nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
C8 and T1
34
the medial brachial cutaneous nerve innervates what?
skin of medial arm
35
the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
C8 and T1
36
the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervates what?
skin on medial forearm
37
What does the lateral cord branch into?
musculocutaneous nerve, lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, and contributes to the median nerve
38
the musculocutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5-c7
39
what does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?
coracobrachialis muscle, biceps brachii muscle, and brachialis muscle
40
what is the terminal branch of the lateral cord?
the musculocutaneous nerve
41
what does the musculocutaneous nerve continue distally to become?
lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
42
the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c6-c7
43
what does the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervate?
the lateral forearm
44
what does the posterior cord divide into?
axillary nerve and radial nerve
45
What are the terminal branches of the posterior cord?
axillary nerve and radial nerve
46
the axillary nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5 and c6
47
what does the axillary nerve travel through?
the quadrangular space
48
What branches off the axillary nerve?
superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
49
what does the axillary nerve innervate?
deltoid muscle and teres minor muscle
50
the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5 and c6
51
what does the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve innervate?
skin of the superior lateral arm
52
what is the median nerve formed from?
by the union of 2 terminal branches from medial and lateral cords
53
The median nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5-T1
54
what is the terminal branch of the medial cord?
ulnar nerve
55
the ulnar nerve contains root fibers from what anterior rami?
c7-T1
56
What are the 5 terminal branches?
musculocutaneous nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve, axillary nerve
57
The radial nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?
c5-T1
58
What does the median nerve (proper) innervate?
pronator teres muscle, flexor carpi radialis muscle, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
59
What is the first thing to branch off the median nerve?
the anterior interosseous nerve
60
What does the anterior interosseous nerve innervate?
lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus muscle, pronator quadratus
61
What does the median nerve travel through?
the carpal tunnel
62
what branches off the median nerve before it goes through the carpal tunnel?
the palmer cutaneous branch
63
After traveling through the carpal tunnel, what does the median nerve split into?
The medial branch of the median nerve, the lateral branch of the median nerve, and the recurrent branch of the median nerve
64
What does the medial branch of the median nerve innervate?
the 2 lumbrical muscle
65
what branches off the medial branch of the median nerve?
the common palmer digital nerve, which then splits to become proper palmer digital nerves
66
what does the lateral branch of the median nerve innervate?
the 1st lumbrical
67
what does the reccurent branch of the median nerve innervate?
flexor pollicis brevis muscle, abductor pollicis brevis muscle, opponens pollicis muscle
68
What two muscles in the forearm does the ulnar nerve innervate?
flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle
69
What does the ulnar nerve travel through when it descends to the wrist?
guyon's canal
70
what does the ulnar nerve split into after passing through guyon's canal?
into the deep ulnar nerve and the superficial ulnar nerve?
71
What does the superficial ulnar nerve branch into?
common palmer digital nerve and then proper palmer digital nerve
72
what does the deep ulnar nerve innervate?
the hand muscles minus abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis brevis and the 1 and 2 lumbrical
73
What does the radial nerve innervate in the brachium?
triceps brachii muscle and anconeus muscle
74
what does the radial nerve innervate in the forearm?
brachioradialis muscle and extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
75
what does the radial nerve split into?
the deep radial nerve and the superficial radial nerve?
76
the superficial radial nerve eventually branches into what?
dorsal digital nerve and then digital branches of the dorsal digital nerve
77
what does the deep radial nerve innervate?
extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and the supinator muscle
78
what happens when the radial nerve pops out of the supinator muscle?
it becomes the posterior interosseous nerve
79
what does the posterior interosseous nerve innervate?
the rest of the posterior forearm muscles
80
injury to the superior part of the brachial plexus typically affects what anterior rami?
C5 and C6
81
what are injuries to the superior part of the brachial plexus typically caused by?
result of dramatically increasing the angle between the neck and shoulder
82
How will a patient with an upper plexus injury present?
an adducted and medially rotated arm and an extended elbow, also known as Erb-Duchenne palsy
83
What is an injury to the inferior part of the brachial plexus typically the result of?
dramatically increasing the angle between the trunk and upper limb
84
Injury of the inferior part of the brachial plexus will typically causes problems in what?
affects the short muscles of the hand and results in "claw hand" when the individual tries to make a fist, also known as Klumpke's paralysis
85
Prolonged periods of working with the upper limb extended over the head could result in what?
compression of the brachial plexus
86
compression of the brachial plexus would cause what?
pain radiating down the arm, loss of sensation, tingling of the arms, and weakness of the hands
87
blunt force trauma to the musculocutaneous nerve would result in what?
paralysis of the anterior brachial muscles
88
Injury to the axillary nerve would cause what?
paralysis and then atrophy of the deltoid muscle and loss of sensation over the superolateral arm
89
injury to the median nerve in the wrist would cause what?
results in an adducted thumb and thenar eminence atrophy, known as ape's hand
90
injury to the median nerve at the elbow would cause what?
inhibition of flexion of the 2nd and 3rd digits, known as the hand of benediction
91
Where does ulnar nerve injury typically occur?
posterior to the medial humeral epicondyle, between the ulnar and humeral heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, at the wrist, or in the hand
92
What are the results of an ulnar nerve injury?
extensive loss of sensory and motor control in the hand, and when an individual tries to make a fist, it appears as a claw hand
93
How can the ulnar nerve be compressed?
when pressure is placed on the hamulus of the hamate bone
94
What does ulnar nerve compression result in?
sensory loss on the medial side of the hand and weakness of the intrinsic hand muscles
95
What causes wrist drop?
injury of the radial nerve
96
what are the sign's of wrist drop (injury to the radial nerve)?
impairment of elbow extension and thumb abduction and extension
