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MSK Final > UE Neurology > Flashcards

UE Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Supraclavicular nerve comes from what anterior rami?

A

C3 and C4

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2
Q

What two nerves branch off “roots”?

A

the dorsal scapular nerve and the long thoracic nerve

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3
Q

the dorsal scapular nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?

A

C5

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4
Q

the long thoracic nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c7

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5
Q

the dorsal scapular nerve innervates what?

A

the rhomboid major, the rhomboid minor, and the levator scapulae muscles

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6
Q

the long thoracic nerve innervates what?

A

the serratus anterior muscle

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7
Q

What branches off the superior trunk?

A

the suprascapular nerve and the subclavian nerve

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8
Q

the suprascapular nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5 and c6

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9
Q

What is formed by the union of anterior rami of c5 and c6?

A

superior trunk

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10
Q

the subclavian nerve has fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5 and c6

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11
Q

What is formed by the anterior rami of c7?

A

the middle trunk

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12
Q

what does the suprascapular nerve innervate?

A

the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

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13
Q

what does the subclavian nerve innervate?

A

the subclavian muscle

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14
Q

What is formed by the union of anterior rami of C8 and T1?

A

the inferior trunk

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15
Q

anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks forms what?

A

lateral cord

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16
Q

anterior division of the inferior trunk forms what?

A

medial cord

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17
Q

posterior divisions of the superior, middle, and inferior trunks forms what?

A

the posterior cord

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18
Q

the lateral cord has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c7

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19
Q

What branches off the lateral cord?

A

lateral pectoral nerve

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20
Q

the lateral pectoral nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c7

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21
Q

the lateral pectoral nerve innervates what?

A

pectoralis major muscle

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22
Q

the posterior cord has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c8 and T1

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23
Q

What branches off the posterior cord?

A

superior subscapular nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, inferior subscapular nerve

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24
Q

the superior subscapular nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c6

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25
Q

the superior subscapular nerve innervates what?

A

superior portion of subscapularis muscle

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26
Q

the thoracodorsal nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c6-c8

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27
Q

the thoracodorsal nerve innervates what?

A

latissimus dorsi muscle

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28
Q

the inferior subscapular nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c6

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29
Q

the inferior subscapular nerve innervates what?

A

inferior portion of the subscapularis muscle and the teres major muscle

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30
Q

what branches off the medial cord?

A

medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous branch, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

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31
Q

the medial pectoral nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

C8 and T1

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32
Q

the medial pectoral nerve innervates what?

A

innervates pectoralis minor and major muscles

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33
Q

the medial brachial cutaneous nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

C8 and T1

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34
Q

the medial brachial cutaneous nerve innervates what?

A

skin of medial arm

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35
Q

the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve has nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

C8 and T1

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36
Q

the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervates what?

A

skin on medial forearm

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37
Q

What does the lateral cord branch into?

A

musculocutaneous nerve, lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, and contributes to the median nerve

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38
Q

the musculocutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

A

c5-c7

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39
Q

what does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A

coracobrachialis muscle, biceps brachii muscle, and brachialis muscle

40
Q

what is the terminal branch of the lateral cord?

A

the musculocutaneous nerve

41
Q

what does the musculocutaneous nerve continue distally to become?

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

42
Q

the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

43
Q

what does the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

the lateral forearm

44
Q

what does the posterior cord divide into?

A

axillary nerve and radial nerve

45
Q

What are the terminal branches of the posterior cord?

A

axillary nerve and radial nerve

46
Q

the axillary nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

47
Q

what does the axillary nerve travel through?

A

the quadrangular space

48
Q

What branches off the axillary nerve?

A

superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

49
Q

what does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

deltoid muscle and teres minor muscle

50
Q

the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

51
Q

what does the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

skin of the superior lateral arm

52
Q

what is the median nerve formed from?

A

by the union of 2 terminal branches from medial and lateral cords

53
Q

The median nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

54
Q

what is the terminal branch of the medial cord?

A

ulnar nerve

55
Q

the ulnar nerve contains root fibers from what anterior rami?

56
Q

What are the 5 terminal branches?

A

musculocutaneous nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve, axillary nerve

57
Q

The radial nerve contains nerve fibers from what anterior rami?

58
Q

What does the median nerve (proper) innervate?

A

pronator teres muscle, flexor carpi radialis muscle, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

59
Q

What is the first thing to branch off the median nerve?

A

the anterior interosseous nerve

60
Q

What does the anterior interosseous nerve innervate?

A

lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus muscle, pronator quadratus

61
Q

What does the median nerve travel through?

A

the carpal tunnel

62
Q

what branches off the median nerve before it goes through the carpal tunnel?

A

the palmer cutaneous branch

63
Q

After traveling through the carpal tunnel, what does the median nerve split into?

A

The medial branch of the median nerve, the lateral branch of the median nerve, and the recurrent branch of the median nerve

64
Q

What does the medial branch of the median nerve innervate?

A

the 2 lumbrical muscle

65
Q

what branches off the medial branch of the median nerve?

A

the common palmer digital nerve, which then splits to become proper palmer digital nerves

66
Q

what does the lateral branch of the median nerve innervate?

A

the 1st lumbrical

67
Q

what does the reccurent branch of the median nerve innervate?

A

flexor pollicis brevis muscle, abductor pollicis brevis muscle, opponens pollicis muscle

68
Q

What two muscles in the forearm does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle

69
Q

What does the ulnar nerve travel through when it descends to the wrist?

A

guyon’s canal

70
Q

what does the ulnar nerve split into after passing through guyon’s canal?

A

into the deep ulnar nerve and the superficial ulnar nerve?

71
Q

What does the superficial ulnar nerve branch into?

A

common palmer digital nerve and then proper palmer digital nerve

72
Q

what does the deep ulnar nerve innervate?

A

the hand muscles minus abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis brevis and the 1 and 2 lumbrical

73
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate in the brachium?

A

triceps brachii muscle and anconeus muscle

74
Q

what does the radial nerve innervate in the forearm?

A

brachioradialis muscle and extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

75
Q

what does the radial nerve split into?

A

the deep radial nerve and the superficial radial nerve?

76
Q

the superficial radial nerve eventually branches into what?

A

dorsal digital nerve and then digital branches of the dorsal digital nerve

77
Q

what does the deep radial nerve innervate?

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and the supinator muscle

78
Q

what happens when the radial nerve pops out of the supinator muscle?

A

it becomes the posterior interosseous nerve

79
Q

what does the posterior interosseous nerve innervate?

A

the rest of the posterior forearm muscles

80
Q

injury to the superior part of the brachial plexus typically affects what anterior rami?

81
Q

what are injuries to the superior part of the brachial plexus typically caused by?

A

result of dramatically increasing the angle between the neck and shoulder

82
Q

How will a patient with an upper plexus injury present?

A

an adducted and medially rotated arm and an extended elbow, also known as Erb-Duchenne palsy

83
Q

What is an injury to the inferior part of the brachial plexus typically the result of?

A

dramatically increasing the angle between the trunk and upper limb

84
Q

Injury of the inferior part of the brachial plexus will typically causes problems in what?

A

affects the short muscles of the hand and results in “claw hand” when the individual tries to make a fist, also known as Klumpke’s paralysis

85
Q

Prolonged periods of working with the upper limb extended over the head could result in what?

A

compression of the brachial plexus

86
Q

compression of the brachial plexus would cause what?

A

pain radiating down the arm, loss of sensation, tingling of the arms, and weakness of the hands

87
Q

blunt force trauma to the musculocutaneous nerve would result in what?

A

paralysis of the anterior brachial muscles

88
Q

Injury to the axillary nerve would cause what?

A

paralysis and then atrophy of the deltoid muscle and loss of sensation over the superolateral arm

89
Q

injury to the median nerve in the wrist would cause what?

A

results in an adducted thumb and thenar eminence atrophy, known as ape’s hand

90
Q

injury to the median nerve at the elbow would cause what?

A

inhibition of flexion of the 2nd and 3rd digits, known as the hand of benediction

91
Q

Where does ulnar nerve injury typically occur?

A

posterior to the medial humeral epicondyle, between the ulnar and humeral heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, at the wrist, or in the hand

92
Q

What are the results of an ulnar nerve injury?

A

extensive loss of sensory and motor control in the hand, and when an individual tries to make a fist, it appears as a claw hand

93
Q

How can the ulnar nerve be compressed?

A

when pressure is placed on the hamulus of the hamate bone

94
Q

What does ulnar nerve compression result in?

A

sensory loss on the medial side of the hand and weakness of the intrinsic hand muscles

95
Q

What causes wrist drop?

A

injury of the radial nerve

96
Q

what are the sign’s of wrist drop (injury to the radial nerve)?

A

impairment of elbow extension and thumb abduction and extension

MSK Final (16 decks)

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