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GR12 Alessandra's 1st Quarter > UCSP|LESSON 1-3 > Flashcards

UCSP|LESSON 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

the discipline under which identity, culture, society, and politics are studied.

A

SOCIAL SCIENCE

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2
Q

comprised of disciplines that study the overall function of a society, as well as the interactions among
individual members of an
institution.

A

SOCIAL SCIENCE

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3
Q

Anthropology, Sociology, and
Political Science are among the
disciplines under__________

A

SOCIAL SCIENCE

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4
Q

more on interactions, behaviors, intrapersonal relations with other
people

A

SOCIAL SCIENCE

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5
Q

a complex whole which
encompasses the beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and
shares as a member of society
(Edward B. Taylor).

A

CULTURE

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6
Q

consists of beliefs, behavior,
objects, and other characteristics
common to the member of a
particular group or society.

A

CULTURE

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7
Q
  • all the ways of life including arts, beliefs and institutions of a population that are passed down from generation to generation.
A

CULTURE

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8
Q

only humans have ________ (they are superior among all of the species).
- the only way to change _____ is through adaptation and the only way culture can be adapted is through socializing.

A

CULTURE

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9
Q

— adaptation through
observations

A

Indirect Culture

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10
Q

— adaptation through
interaction with other people

A

Direct Culture

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11
Q

an organized group/s of
independent people who share a common territory, language, and culture, who act together for collective survival and well-being.

A

SOCIETY

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12
Q
  • Comes from the Greek words
    Anthropos (man/human beings) and Logos (Study)
  • according to 18th century
    anthropologist Edward Tylor
A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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13
Q

18th century anthropologist

A

Edward Tylor

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14
Q

is a behavioral science that deals with the study of culture - its components, characteristics, functions, modes of adaptation,
cultural values, and practices.

A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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15
Q
  • is the scientific study of man, his works, his body and his behavior and values over time; study of culture.
  • is the study of human beings and their ancestors.
A

ANTHROPOLOGY

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16
Q

GOALS OF ANTHROPOLOGY

A

1) describe and analyze the biological evolution of mankind.
2) describe and assess the cultural development of our species.
3) describe, explain and analyze the present day human cultural similarities and differences.
4) describe and explain human
biological diversity day.

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17
Q

BRANCHES/DISCIPLINE OF
ANTHROPOLOGY(4)(PCAL)

A
  1. Physical Anthropology
  2. Cultural Anthropologist
  3. Archeologists
  4. Linguistics
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18
Q

branch of anthropology concerned with the origin, evolution, and diversity of people. (ex. Charles
Darwin Theory of Evolution)

A

PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

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19
Q
  • Investigate contrasting ways of human (and groups of people) on
    how they think, feel, etc.
    ➔ we have multiple personality
    because of the difference in
    environment.
    ➔ how people who share a
    common cultural system
    organize and shape the
    physical and social world
    around them, and are in turn
    shaped by those ideas,
    behaviors, and physical
    environments.
    ➔ hallmarked by the concept
    of culture itself
A

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGIST

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20
Q
  • they cover information about
    human cultures
    ➔ study about artifacts of
    humans.
    ➔ a person who studies
    human history and
    prehistory through the
    excavation of sites and the
    analysis of artifacts and
    other physical remains.
A

ARCHEOLOGISTS

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21
Q
  • study of human sense of language and communication system; study of the relationship between
    language and culture.
A

LINGUISTICS

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22
Q

Comes from the Greek words
Socius (companion/group/society)
and Logos (Study)

A

SOCIOLOGY

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23
Q
  • a behavioral science that deals with the study of society its origin, evolution, characteristics, dimensions, and basic social
    functions
A

SOCIOLOGY

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24
Q
  • is a repetitive behavior
  • science of society . the interactions taking place, and social behaviors which is viewed as an aggregate of
    individuals (Robertson, 2009).
A

SOCIOLOGY

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25
Q
  • focuses attention in all kinds of social acts, relationships,
    organizations, structures, and
    processes.
  • seeks to discover the general
    principles underlying all social
    phenomena and social relationship and re-establish laws of change and growth in social changes (Jayapalan).
A

SOCIOLOGY

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26
Q

— is a group of people living
together in a definite territory, having a sense of belongingness, mutually
interdependent of each other, and follows a certain way of life.

A

SOCIETY

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27
Q

GOALS OF SOCIOLOGY

A

1) Understand ourselves better and mankind.
2) Help with decision making, both own and that of larger
organizations.
3) Gather systematic information from which to make a decision, provide
insights into what is going on in a situation and present alternatives.

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28
Q

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY?

A
  • culture represents the beliefs and practices of a group, while society represents the people who share those beliefs and practice.
  • they cannot exist without each other.
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29
Q
  • Comes from the Greek words Polis (city; sovereign state) and Scire (To know/study)
A

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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30
Q
  • a systematic study of politics and government
  • also dwells on the study of the foundations of the state and the principles of government.
A

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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31
Q
  • examines the way people govern themselves, the various forms of government, their structures, and their relationships to other
    institutions.
A

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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32
Q

According to Northwest University, ________ is the study of politics and power from domestic, international, and cooperative perspective

A

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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33
Q
  • involves a set of activities that
    are associated with making decisions in groups or other forms of power relations
    between individuals, such as the distribution of resources or statuses
A

POLITICS

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34
Q

GOALS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

A
  • be immersed in current affairs and build an understanding on the local,
    national and international politics.
  • learn how political activities are organized in and out of our country.
  • provide substantially critical and scientific contribution to
    government and society.
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35
Q
  • Theory of Evolution
A

Charles Darwin

36
Q
  • Progression of Civilization
A

Edward Burnett Tylor

37
Q
  • Father of Modern
    Anthropology
A

Franz Boas

38
Q
  • Father of Philippine
    Anthropology
A

Henry Otley Beyer

39
Q
  • It is a group of people sharing a common culture.
  • The focal point of society is man’s social behavior since his behavior is greatly shaped by the society and culture where he belongs.
A

SOCIETY

40
Q
  • Whereas, culture is a dynamic
    medium through which societies create a collective way of life reflected in beliefs, values, music, literature, art, dance, science, religion, ritual technology, among others.
  • Culture and society can be defined using anthropological and sociological perspectives.
A

SOCIETY

41
Q

CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE(9)

A

A. Culture is Everything
B. Culture is Learned
C. Ethnocentrism
D. Cultural Relativism
E. Culture is Shared
F. Culture Affects Biology
G. Culture is Adaptive
H. Culture is Maladaptive
I. Culture Changes

42
Q
  • It is what a person has, does and thinks as part of society.
  • This implies all of person’s belief system, set of behaviors and material possessions.
A

CULTURE IS EVERYTHING

43
Q

2 types of Culture is Everything

A
  1. Material culture
  2. Nonmaterial Culture
44
Q
  • includes all tangible and visible parts of culture, which includes clothes, foods and even buildings
A

MATERIAL CULTURE

45
Q
  • includes all intangible parts of culture, which consist of values, ideas and knowledge
A

NONMATERIAL CULTURE

46
Q
  • culture is a set of beliefs, attitudes and practices that an individual learns through his or her family, school, church and other social institutions.
  • What we have learned
    Example: Loyalty Song
A

CULTURE IS LEARNED

47
Q

3 types f culture is learned

A
  1. Enculturation
  2. Acculturation
  3. Deculturation
48
Q
  • is a process of learning your own culture.
  • Practicing own culture
  • is the process by which people learn the dynamics of their surrounding culture and acquire values and norms appropriate or necessary in that culture and worldviews. As part of this process, the influences that limit, direct, or
    shape the individual include
    parents, other adults, and peers.
    Example: Saying po and opo, “mano”, being hospitable
A

ENCULTURATION

49
Q

4 TYPES OF ENCULTURATION

A

FORMAL
ENCULTURATION
INFORMAL
ENCULTURATION
CONSCIOUS
ENCULTURATION
UNCONSCIOUS
ENCULTURATION

50
Q

Thru explicit instruction

A

FORMAL
ENCULTURATION

51
Q

Indirectly, mostly
through observations
(reading, watching)

A

INFORMAL
ENCULTURATION

52
Q

Deliberately enculturating
yourself

A

CONSCIOUS
ENCULTURATION

53
Q

Thru immersion (Like in school)

A

UNCONSCIOUS
ENCULTURATION

54
Q
  • is a process of accommodating
    desirable traits from other culture.
  • Adapting or sometimes
    colonization, thru survival
  • is a process of social,
    psychological, and cultural change that stems from the balancing of two cultures while adapting to the prevailing culture of the society.
  • _______is a process in which
    an individual adopts, acquires and adjusts to a new cultural
    environment.
    Example: kpop fashion, IP like the “ita” no longer uses “bahag”
A

ACCULTURATION

55
Q
  • culture has been lost and even cultural trait itself is in the process of being forgotten.
  • The process of divesting a tribe or people of their indigenous traits for many native peoples brought
    involuntarily and reluctantly into contact with western civilization, acculturation is all too often deculturation - David Bidney
A

DECULTURATION

56
Q
  • refers to the tendency of each society to place its own culture at the center of things. It is the practice of comparing other cultural practices with those of one’s own and automatically finding those practices to be inferior.
    Judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture.
A

ETHNOCENTRISM

57
Q
  • refers to the preference of the foreign. It is characterized by a strong belief that one’s own products, styles or ideas is inferior to those which originated elsewhere.
    Example: When one thinks the imported products are far more effective than the
    Philippine made products.
A

XENOCENTRISM

58
Q
  • is the idea that a person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another.
  • The objective analysis of other cultures - understanding a culture’s beliefs and practices from that culture’s point of view
  • Is not about imposing judgement or assessing the with of other cultures
    Example:
    1) Can we judge the wearing of the burqa in Islamic communities simply because it differs from Western ideas about femininity?
    2) Here in the Philippines, we do not cease to debate on the moral acceptability of contraceptives,. In another country, abortion is perfectly normal, more so the use
    of artificial contraceptives
A

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

59
Q
  • (often reformulated as relativist ethics or relativist morality)
  • is a term used to describe several philosophical positions concerned with the differences in moral judgments across different peoples and their own particular cultures.
  • In detail, descriptive moral
    relativism holds only that people do, in fact, disagree fundamentally about what is moral, with no judgment being expressed on the desirability of this.
A

MORAL RELATIVISM OR ETHICAL RELATIVISM

60
Q
  • This implies that a particular
    behavior cannot be considered as a culture if there is only one person practicing it.
  • Culture is shared intergenerational
A

CULTURE IS SHARED

61
Q
  • Humans are born into cultures that have values on beauty and body.
  • As such, they alter their bodies to fit physiological norms that are dictated by their culture.
A

CULTURE AFFECTS BIOLOGY

62
Q
  • Culture is a tool for survival that humans use in response to the pressures of their environment.
A

CULTURE IS ADAPTIVE

63
Q
  • Not Flexible
  • Culture can also cause problems for the people who subscribe to it.
  • These problems arise when the environment is changed and culture has remained the same.
A

CULTURE IS MALADPATIVE

64
Q
  • The final characteristic of culture is never static.
  • This dynamism of culture is due to changing needs of humans as they interpret and survive in their environment.
A

CULTURE CHANGES

65
Q

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

A

A. Evolutionist-Intellectual
Perspective
B. French Sociology School
Perspective
C. British Functionalist School
Perspective

66
Q

SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

A

A. Symbolic Interactionism
Perspective
B. Functionalist Perspective
C. Conflict Perspective

67
Q
  • explains that death and belief in soul and the spirits(embodied
    spirit) play important roles
A

EVOLUTIONIST-INTELLECTUAL
PERSPECTIVE

68
Q
  • led by Emile Durkheim
  • suggests that society can sustain and reproduce by themselves.
A

FRENCH SOCIOLOGY SCHOOL
PERSPECTIVE

69
Q
  • Explains anxiety caused by the rationally uncontrollable
    happenings as the basic motivation for the emergence of religious faith.
A

BRITISH FUNCTIONALIST SCHOOL PERSPECTIVE

70
Q
  • explains that people attach
    meanings to symbols and they act according to their subjective interpretation of the symbols.
A

SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
PERSPECTIVE

71
Q
  • Also called Functionalism
  • believes that each aspect of
    society is interdependent and
    contributes to society’s functioning as a whole.
A

FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE

72
Q
  • Karl Max’s writing on struggles shows competition for scarce resources and how the elite control the poor and the weak.
  • Society how we were monopolized
A

CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE

73
Q
  • biological inheritance
A

NATURE

74
Q
  • cultural inheritance
A

NURTURE

75
Q
  • refers to the process by which an individual is oriented and taught by his or her society’s norms.
A

SOCIALIZATION

76
Q
  • the compilation of the values,
    attitudes, and beliefs that
    individuals receive from their family, peers, and community enables them to create a personal identity
A

IDENTITY FORMATION

77
Q
  • consist of the roles and statutes that an individual learns as a child.
A

PRIMARY IDENTITY

78
Q
  • it refers to all those ideas held in society that are considered good, acceptable, and right.
A

NORMS AND VALUES

79
Q
  • the socially approved behaviors that have no moral underpinning.
  • These stem from and organize casual interactions, and emerge out of repetition and routines
A

FOLKWAYS

80
Q
  • the norms related to moral
    conventions.
  • People feel strongly about mores, and violating them typically results in disapproval or ostracizing.
A

MORES

81
Q
  • behaviors that are absolutely
    forbidden in specific cultures.
A

TABOOS

82
Q
  • consists of the rules and
    regulations that are implemented by the state.
A

LAWS

83
Q
  • is an individual’s position in his or her society, which carries with it a set of defined rights and obligations.
A

STATUS

84
Q
  • the sets of expectations from
    people who occupy a particular status.
A

ROLES

85
Q
  • is the act of following the roles and goals of one’s society.
A

CONFORMITY

86
Q
  • the act of violating the prescribed social norms.
A

DEVIANCE

GR12 Alessandra's 1st Quarter (22 decks)

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