U.13 SCIENCE, MEDICINE AND TECHNOLOGY

Question 1

What are the stages in the interpretation of the anatomic lesion(AL):

Answer 1

1. AL as an autopsy finding
2. AL as key to diagnosis
3. AL as the foundation of clinical practice and pathology

Question 2

From the end of the seventeenth century, diagnosis covered two objectives:

Answer 2

• Determination of the morbid species
• Establishment of the ALcausig it

Question 3

Consequences of AL?

Answer 3

• Autopsy as evidence of good diagnosis in clinical practice.
• New intention with autopsies and new attitude towards AL.

Question 4

Al as key to…

Answer 4

diagnosis

Question 5

The scientific knowledge of AL is the best approach for turning medical knowledge into a…

Answer 5

true science

Question 6

The symptomatic picture has two key points:

Answer 6

• The ‘functional deficit’ derived from the AL.
• The ‘reaction’ of the organism to the AL.

Question 7

Systematic relationship between clinical observation of patients and anatomic lesions found at ….

Answer 7

autopsy

Question 8

Laboratories become a….

Answer 8

protected space where experiments and measurements could be carried out under ideal conditions of isolation.

Question 9

What is the mentality that see diseases as a dynamic disorder of functions?

Answer 9

Pathophysiological mentality

Question 10

The etiopathological approach: disease as…

Answer 10

external aggression by microorganisms.

Question 11

General theory of infectious disease:

Answer 11

1. The microorganism must be found in abundance in all organisms that suffer the disease, but not in healthy organisms.
2. The microorganism must be able to be isolated in a diseased organism and cultivated in vitro.
3. The microorganism produced in vitro must cause the disease when introduced into a healthy organism.
4. The microorganism must be isolated from the inoculated experimental host and identified as identical to the original.

Question 12

Physics is use in the production of…

Answer 12

medical instruments

Question 13

What are the different medical approches?

Answer 13

1. Galenism
2. Anatomoclinical
3. Physiopathological
4. Etiopathological
5. Technification

Question 14

What are the ideas of galenism?

Answer 14

Humor alteration

Question 15

What are the ideas of the anatomoclinical?

Answer 15

Morbous species and anatomical lesson

Question 16

What are the ideas of the physiopathological?

Answer 16

Diseases as malfuncion

Question 17

What are the ideas of the etiopathological?

Answer 17

Disease as infection

Question 18

What are the ideas of technification?

Answer 18

Specialized and divided

Question 19

What is the scenario of galenism?

Answer 19

Home, hospital rarely

Question 20

What is the scenario of anatomoclinical?

Answer 20

hospitals

Question 21

What is the scenario of physiopathological?

Answer 21

Laboratory

Question 22

What is the scenario of etiopathological?

Answer 22

Laboratory

Question 23

What is the scenario of technification?

Answer 23

Big hospital, laboratory, specialized room

Question 24

What are the practices of galenism?

Answer 24

Pulse, uroscopy, speculation

Question 25

What are the practices of anatomoclinical?

Answer 25

Autopsy, syntoms observation

Question 26

What are the practices of physiopatholgical?

Answer 26

Physical and chemical analysus

Question 27

What are the practices of ethiopathology?

Answer 27

Microbiology

Question 28

What are the practices of technification?

Answer 28

variable

Question 29

What are the instruments use on galenism?

Answer 29

Senses

Question 30

What are the instruments use on anatomoclinical?

Answer 30

Stethoscope

Question 31

What are the instruments use on physiopathological?

Answer 31

Thermometer

Question 32

What are the instruments use on etiopathological?

Answer 32

Microscopy

Question 33

What are the instruments use on technification?

Answer 33

Complex machines