U10 THE CONSCIENCE OF SCIENCE: BIOETHICS

Question 1

What are the bases of biomecine ethics?

Answer 1

• Publicly exposing the abuse of medicine on bodies
• The struggle for empowerment: women, sexuality
• Patient’s rights
• Crisis of medical humanism (where doc are not experts
• Questioning the dominance of the Catholic Church

Question 2

What is the context of health science?

Answer 2

• The conventional certainties about human life and the biological frontiers have been broken, and moral authority as well
• Need to regulate science and technology and the health industry
• Global problems: organ trafficking, health tourism
• Pragmatism and decision-making with regard to important problems: the end of life, genetics…
• Technology applied to the body

Question 3

Regarding health science context, how can the major problems be solved?

Answer 3

With interdisciplinarity

Question 4

What does institutionalization entail?

Answer 4

• Need for globarl bioethics
• Necessary dialoge, without dismissive insults

Question 5

What are the theoretical approches (how do we use bioethics in the practice)?

Answer 5

• Consensus in the result but not in the reasons
• Biotethics is not limited to using theoretical ethics to solve a problem

Question 6

Applications of bioethics?

Answer 6

-Profesional ethics
- Ulilitarianism
- Principlism
- Virtue ethics
-Feminist ethics
- Casuistry and deliberation
- Healing ethics

Question 7

About professional ethics

Answer 7

• Applies very strict moral rules, abstact and difficult to apply

Question 8

Utilitarianism

Answer 8

States tant actions are good if they offer the maximum usefulness
- Replacing the religious view
- Maximizing the patients wellbeing
- Importance of sentient animals

Question 9

About principlism (the most widespread option in biomedicine)

Answer 9

• Beneficence (seeking the greater good)
• non-maleficence
• autonomy or respect for people
• Justice: equal treatment for all

Question 10

About virtue ethics

Answer 10

• Acting in accordance with a chosen virtue
• Good deeds and good reasons must go in hand with virtue

Question 11

About feminist ethics

Answer 11

• Necessary consideration of equality between men and women
• Interested in: abortion, reproductive medicine…

Question 12

About casuistry and deliberation

Answer 12

• Case-based method, guided by paradigms
• Rules, not universal but advisable in every case
• Inductive reasoning

Question 13

About healing ethics

Answer 13

• Priority given to healing, caring and alleviating people
• Compassion, affection and commitment to the sick