U1 LAB: LAB SAFETY OVERVIEW Flashcards
Potential hazards in the work setting
- Electric shock
- Toxic gas
- Flammable liquids
- Radioactive materials
- Corrosive substances
- Mechanical trauma
- Infectious agents
Laboratory safety requires what of all hazards?
effective control
Working area must be cleaned with?
1:10 dilution of 5% sodium hypochlorite
Spillage must be cleaned with?
1:5 dilution of 5% sodium hypochlorite
Alternative to bleach
Diluted Lysol solution
Plastic bag for infectious and contaminated materials
Yellow plastic bag
Plastic bag for noninfectious dry mats
Black plastic bag
Plastic bag for noninfectious wet mats
Green plastic bag
Container for contaminated sharps
Red puncture proof
What should be worn if splashes are anticipated?
Face shield or laboratory goggles
T/F: PPE must be worn inside the bacte lab only and must be removed when leaving the premises.
True
Route of Infection
Aerosols from centrifugation of unstoppered tubes, heating cultures too rapidly, removing stoppers from tubes, leakage from container
Airborne
Route of Infection
Result of failure to wash hands, eating, drinking, smoking, cosmetics, or mouth pipetting
Ingestion
Route of Infection
Result from needlesticks, broken glass, animal bites, small scratches
Direct inoculation
Route of Infection
Directly enter through mucous membranes
Mucous membrane contact
Route of Infection
Ticks, fleas, mosquitoes
Arthropod vectors
Safety Education
- Orientation and continuing education
- Safety manual
Universal Precautions
CDC (1987) set of preventive measures to reduce HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens, and is applied to all human blood and fluids that contain visible blood
Standard Precautions
All blood, tissue, body fluid, secretions and excretions (Except sweat) are considered potentially infectious
These are devices that isolate or remove a hazard
Engineering Controls
Engineering Controls in the Lab
- Sharps disposal containers
- Self-sheathing needles
- Sharps with engineered sharps injury protections
- Needless systems
- Chemical fume hoods
- Splash guards
- Barriers
- Biologic safety cabinets
- Monitoring devices
- Safety interlocks
This is a device that encloses a workspace in such a way as to protect workers from aerosol exposure to infectious disease agents.
Biosafety Cabinet
This is a form of containment, and sterilizes by heat, UV light, or HEPA filter.
Biosafety Cabinet
HEPA stands for?
High Efficiency Particulate Air
Biosafety Cabinet
Only the air to be exhausted is sterilized
Class I
T/F: BSC Class I protects sample from contamination.
False
Biosafety Cabinet
Sterilizes air that flows over infectious material, and air to be exhausted
Class II
Biosafety Cabinet
Self-contained, 70% of air is recirculated in work area
Class II, Type A
Biosafety Cabinet
Discharged out of the building
Class II, Type B
Biosafety Cabinet
Operate either Type A when in recirculating mode or Type B when exhausting
Class II, Type C
Biosafety Cabinet
Completely enclosed, ventilated, with negative pressure through HEPA filters
Class III
What is the minimum requirement BSC?
Type II, Class A
T/F: PPE is the least preferred to contain hazard.
True
Biosafety Level
No known pathogenic potential for immunocompetent individuals (healthy, no infections)
Level 1
Biosafety Level 1 examples
Bacillus subtilis
Biosafety Level
Most common microorganisms associated with laboratory-acquired infections
Level 2
Biosafety Level 2 examples (Direct contact)
HBV, HIV, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Shigella
Biosafety Level
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucella, Coccidoides immitis, Rickettsia, Arbovirus (Inhalation)
Level 3
T/F: In BSL 3, air movement must be carefully controlled.
True
Biosafety Level
Exotic viruses such as filovirus and arenavirus
Level 4
Process that kills all forms of microbial life, including bacterial endospores
Sterilization
Most resistant stage
Endospore
Process that destroys pathogenic organisms, but not all
Disinfection
Removal of pathogenic microorganisms
Decontamination
Factors influencing the degree of killing
- Types of organisms
- Number of organisms
- Concentration/compatibility of disinfectant
- Presence of organic material
- Nature of surface to be disinfected
- Contact time
- Temperature
- pH
-Biofilm
Appropriate sterilization technique for biohazardous wastes
Autoclave
T/F: All microbiological wastes can go straight to disposal after putting in 2 leak-proof bags.
False
Instruments, appliances must be checked for hazards at least once every?
12 mos
MSDS Section I
Manufactuere details, date prepared
MSDS Section II
Hazardous ingredient’s information, PEL
MSDS Section III
Physical / Chemical Characteristics
MSDS Section IV
Fire and explosion hazard data
MSDS Section V
Reactivity data
MSDS Section VI
Health hazard data
MSDS Section VII
Precautions
MSDS Section VIII
Control Measures