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Typical Cervical Vertebrae C3-C6 Flashcards

1
Q

Which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae?

A

Ant bear, three-toed sloth

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2
Q

Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?

A

Two-toes sloth and manatee

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3
Q

What is the number of vertebrae in the typical cervical spine?

A

Seven

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4
Q

Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?

A

C3-C6

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5
Q

Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?

A

C1, 2 and 7

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6
Q

What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

Rectangular

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7
Q

What is the appearance of the typical revival body form the lateral view?

A

Posterior height is greater than the anterior height by a few millimeters

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8
Q

What would be the direction of the vertical curve based on osseous features?

A

Posterior or kyphotic

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9
Q

What accounts for the direction o the typical cervical curve?

A

The intervertebral disc height

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10
Q

What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?

A

Anterior or lordotic

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11
Q

At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?

A

C5/C6

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12
Q

What is the sect o aging on the cervical vertebral body?

A

It diminishes the overall height o the vertebral body

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13
Q

What are the modifications o the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

A

Anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes

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14
Q

What are the names o the lateral modification the superior epiphyseal rim?

A

Uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip

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15
Q

What are the modifications o the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?

A

Anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves

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16
Q

What is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?

A

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

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17
Q

What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

A

Modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

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18
Q

What is the joint classification for the spongy bone-intervertebral disc articulation?

A

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

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19
Q

How many joints are present on the upper surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

A

5

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20
Q

How many joints are present on the lower surface of a typical cervical vertebral body?

A

5

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21
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

A

10

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22
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?

A

4

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23
Q

What other terms are used to ID the uncinate process?

A

Unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus, lateral lip

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24
Q

What is the name given to the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?

A

Joint of Luschka or uncovertebral joint

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25
Q

The joint of Luschka is formed form what surfaces?

A

The uncinate processes and lateral groove

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26
Q

What is they functional significance o the joint of Luschka?

A

It appears to stabilize the intervertebral disc while accommodating flexion - extension and requiring pulped motion (axial rotation with lateral bending) in the cervical spine

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27
Q

What muscle attaches to the typical cervical vertebral body?

A

The Longus colli muscle

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28
Q

What is the orientation and angulation of the pedicle of a typical cervical?

A

Posterolateral, 45 degrees

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29
Q

What is the direction of projection of the cervical lamina?

A

Posteromedially

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30
Q

What ligament attaches to the lamina of a typical cervical?

A

Ligamentum flavum

31
Q

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will result in what feature?

A

Para-articular processes

32
Q

Ossification o the ligamentum flavum at the attachment site on the lamina will be associated with which classification o bone?

A

Accessory bone

33
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral Foramen of a typical cervical vertebra>

A

Heart-shaped or triangular

34
Q

Which is the greatest diameter of the vertebral Foramen o typical cervicals?

A

Transverse

35
Q

What sot tissue diameter mimics the outline of the typical cervical Foramen?

A

The transverse diameter of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord

36
Q

The greatest transverse diameter of the typical cervical vertebra occurs at ______?

37
Q

The greatest frequency of osteophytes associate with the vertebral body occurs at which typical cervical vertebral couple?

38
Q

List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebra transverse process beginning at the vertebral body.

A

Costal element, anterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, posterior tubercle, true transverse process

39
Q

List, in order, the osseous parts of the typical cervical vertebrae transverse process beginning at the lamina pedicle junction.

A

True transverse process, posterior tubercle, costotransverse bar, anterior tubercle, costal element

40
Q

What muscles will attach to the anterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

A

Anterior scalene, Longus capitis, Longus colli, anterior intertrasversarii

41
Q

What muscles may attach to the posterior tubercle of a typical cervical vertebra?

A

Splenius cervicis, Iliocostalis cervicis, longissimus cervicis, levator scapula, middle scalene, posterior scalene, rotators and posterior intertrasversarii

42
Q

What muscles will attach to the costotransverse bar?

A

Middle scalene and posterior intertrasversarii

43
Q

What produces the primary tension on the transverse process that will cause remodeling in the anterolateral and inferior directions?

A

Cervical spinal nerves as they are directed anterolaterally and inferior lay to form the cervical and brachial plexuses

44
Q

What is the orientation and angulation of a typical cervical transverse process?

A

60 degrees anterolaterally (from midsagittal alne), 15 degrees inferiorly (form the horizontal plane)

45
Q

What is the name given to the modification of the anterior tubercle of the C6 transverse process?

A

The carotid tubercle

46
Q

What will cause remodeling of the anterior tubercle at C6?

A

The common carotid artery

47
Q

What will occupy the typical cervical vertebra transverse Foramen>

A

The vertebral artery, vertebral venous plexus and postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers

48
Q

What part of the peripheral nerve system is observed in the transverse Foramen of typical cervical vertebrae?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic motor nerve fibers of the autonomic (involuntary or visceral) nerve system

49
Q

What is the name of the lamina-pedicle junction of typical cervical vertebrae?

A

The articular pillar

50
Q

What nerve indents the articular pillar of typical cervical spinal nerve?

A

The medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve

51
Q

What is the classic angulation of typical cervical articular facets?

A

40 to 45 degrees from the coronal plane

52
Q

Recent work suggests what angulation for typical cervical articular facets?

A

55 to 60 degrees

53
Q

What is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?

A

Backward, upward, medial (BUM)

54
Q

What is the orientation of the typical inferior articular facet?

A

Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD)

55
Q

What muscles will attach to typical cervical inferior articular facet?

A

The longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis and rotator longus

56
Q

What muscle blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses?

A

The semispinalis capitis, multifidis, and rotator Longus

57
Q

What is the joint classification for the typical cervical zygapophysis?

A

Synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) joint

58
Q

What modifications of the synovial joint are observed in the cervical spine?

A

Meniscoidal folds

59
Q

What function will meniscoidal folds provide in cervical zygapophyses?

A

They are assumed to distribute pressure across the joint surface

60
Q

The greatest range of flexion - extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?

61
Q

What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?

A

Lateral bending and axial rotation

62
Q

Ranges of coupled motion amount the typical cervical vertebrae will be similar for what cervical vertebral couples?

A

The C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5 vertebral couples

63
Q

Ranges of couple motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?

A

The C5/C6 vertebral couple

64
Q

What is the usual condition for the Caucasian typical cervical spinous process?

A

They are bifid

65
Q

What is the usual condition of for the African-American typical cervical spinous processe?

A

They are non-bifid

66
Q

What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process>

A

The spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis

67
Q

What ligaments will attach to the typical cervical spinous process?

A

The interspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae

68
Q

What will form the posterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral Foramen?

A

The inferior articular process (post-zygapophysis), the superior articular process (pre-zygapophysis), the capsular ligament and the ligamentum flavum

69
Q

What will form the superior boundary to a typical cervical intervertebral Foramen?

A

The inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

70
Q

What will form the inferior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral Foramen?

A

The superior vertebral notch or superior vertebral incisure

71
Q

What will form the unique anterior boundary of a typical cervical intervertebral Foramen?

A

The uncinate process of the segment below and lateral groove of the segment above forms the joint of Luschka

72
Q

What is the unique anterior boundary of the intervertebral Foramen for the C4 spinal nerve?

A

The lateral groove of C3 and uncinate process of C4 forming the joint of Luschka

73
Q

At what developmental age will the uncinate process first to be observed?

A

3rd-4th fetal month

Spinal (47 decks)

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