Lumbar Region Flashcards
What parts of the vertebra may be used to distinguish L1-L4 form L5?
Vertebral body, pedicle, articular process, transverse process, spinous process
What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral Body from the cranial view?
Reniform or kidney-shaped
What accounts for the direction of the lumbar curve?
The vertebral Boyd and intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height
What is the effect of aging on the vertebral body of a lumbar vertebra?
Decrease in height, increase in circumference
How many joint surface are present on the vertebral Boyd of a typical lumbar?
6
What muscles may attach to a typical lumbar vertebral body?
Psoas major and minor
Psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral Boyd of which segments?
T122, L1
What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral Boyd to articular processes?
Transforaminal ligaments
What ligaments attach the vertebral Body to the transverse process?
Corporotransverse ligaments
What names ID ligaments that attach the dura mater to the vertebral body or pedicle?
Hofmann ligaments, (also megingeovertebral, anterior dural, Trolard’s ligament)
Hofmann ligaments are IDed in which regions along the vertebral column?
Cervical - her thoracic region and lumbar region
Cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments will attach a what structures together?
Dura mater to segments above
What is the highest level known to demonstrate Hofmann ligaments?
C6
What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments?
Resist causal movement of the dural sac; resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord
Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together/
Dura mater to lower segmental levels
What is the proposed function to the lumbar Hofmann ligaments?
Resist cranial moment of the dural sac during flexion
What is the proposed function of the proximal root sleeve ligament?
Resist displacement of the peripheral never system in the intervertebral Foramen
Which is the greatest diameter of the enteral for mane of a typical lumbars?
Transverse
How does the size of the vertebral Foramen differ along the spine?
Cervicals have the greatest size, lumbars next, thoracics are smallest
What part of the CNS is present in the lumbar spine>
The conus medullaris is typically presen in the vertebral foramina of L1
What part off the PNS is present in the lumbar spine?
The cauda equina is typically present in the vertebral foramina of L2-L4
What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar TVP?
Accessory porcess
A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?
7% occurrence as a result of congenital elongation of the lumbar accessory process
What parts of a vertebra are attached via the mammillo-accessory ligament?
The mammillary process and accessory process of the same segment
What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?
The medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve
What muscle(s) attach to the lumbar accessory process?
Longissimus thoracis and intertransversarii
What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebra?
Psoas major, quadratus lumborum, longissimus thoracis, rotators, and intertransversarii
What are the posterior elements of the vertebra?
Zygapophysis, lamina and spinous process
What are the anterior elements of the vertebrae?
Vertebral body and pedicel
What is the orientation of the typical lumbar superior articular facet?
Backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave
What is the orientation of the typical inferior articular facet?
Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD); significant convexity
What is the name given to the projection on the lumbar superior articular process?
Mammillary process
What muscles will attach to the lumbar superior articular processes?
Multifidis and intertransversarii
What muscle(s) will attach to the mammillary process?
Multifidis and intertransversarii
What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?
Mammillo-accessory ligament
What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?
The zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane for L1/L2, L2/L3 and L3/L4; the zygapophysis lies in the coronal plane for L4/L5 and L5/S1
What name is given to zygapophyses between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?
Joint symmetry
What names are given to the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane?
Joint asymmetry or joint tropism
Define or describe joint tropism.
The condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couples lies in the coronal plane and the other zygapophysis lies in the Sagittal plane
What is the name(s) of the condition in which the typical lumbar process increases in length due to the aging process?
Basstrup’s syndrome or kissing spine
What muscles will attach to the typical lumbar spinous process?
Latissimus dorsi, Serratus posterior inferior, Iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators and interspinalis
Beginning with the L1 transverse process, what is the generic direction and relative length of each succeeding lumbar TVP?
Each TVP is directed straight lateral and increases in length from L1-L3; L4 then begins to decrease in length
What is Baastrup’s syndrome?
Elongation of the lumbar spinous process as a result of aging
What is the appearance of the fifth lumbar vertebral body from the lateral view?
Anterior height is greater than posterior height by several millimeters; it appears to form a wedge on a lateral X-Ray view
What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?
Transformational ligaments
What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the TVP?
Corporotransverse ligaments
What is the reported angulation and X-Ray appearance of the fifth lumbar articular facets?
They lie in the vertical plane and are coronal facets
What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar superior articular facet?
Backward, upward, medial (BUM); typically concave
What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar inferior articular facet?
Forward, lateral, downward (FoLD); significant convexity
