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Spinal > General Organization Of A Vertebra > Flashcards

General Organization Of A Vertebra Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three basic osseous parts of a vertebra?

A

The vertebral body, vertebral arch, and the apophyseal region

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2
Q

What is the general shape of the vertebral body at each region of the spine?

A

Cervical-rectangular; thoracic-triangular; lumbar - reniform

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3
Q

What is the name given to the compact bone at the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body?

A

Superior epiphyseal rim, inferior epiphyseal rim

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4
Q

What is the name given to the cartilage found at the superior and inferior surface of a developing vertebral bod?

A

Superior and inferior epiphyseal plate

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5
Q

What are the names of the openings found around the margin of the vertebral body?

A

Nutrient foramina or vascular foramina

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6
Q

What large opening is usually observed at the back of the vertebral body?

A

The basivertebral venous Foramen

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7
Q

What is the name given to the antierior part of the vertebral arch?

A

The pedicle

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8
Q

What is the name of the feature locate at the upper and lower surfaces of the pedicle?

A

The superior and inferior vertebral notch or incisure

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9
Q

Hat I the generic orientation of the pedicle at each region of the spine?

A

Cervical - posterolateral
Thoracic- posterior , slightly lateral
Lumbar - posterior

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10
Q

All lamina are oriented in what direction?

A

Posterior and median

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11
Q

What is the name given to the overlap of laminae seen on X-Ray?

A

Shingling

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12
Q

What ligament will attach to the lamina?

A

The ligamentum flavum

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13
Q

What is the name given to abnormal bone at the attachment site of the ligamentum flavum?

A

Accessory bone?

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14
Q

What is the name given to the lamina-pedicle junction at each region of the spine?

A

Cervical - articular pillar

Thoracic and lumbar - pars interarticularis

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15
Q

What is the name given to the junction of the vertebral arch - spinous process on lateral X-Ray?

A

The spinolaminar junction

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16
Q

What is the name given to each apophyseal of the spine?

A

The transverse apophyseal or process; articular apophysis or process; spinous apophysis or process

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17
Q

What is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine?

A

Cervical - Anterolateral
Thoracic - posterolateral
Lumbar - lateral

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18
Q

All non-rib bearing vertebra of the spine retain what equivalent feature?

A

The costal element

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19
Q

What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the en of the transverse apophysis or transverse process?

A

The transverse tubercle

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20
Q

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the cervical region?

A

Cervical spinal nerves are pulled froward and downward to form the cervical and brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the ransvere process to accommodate their new position

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21
Q

What will cause the transverse process/apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region?

A

The growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward

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22
Q

What will the articular process/apophysis support?

A

The articular facet

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23
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between articular facets of a vertebral couple?

A

The zygapophysis

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24
Q

What is the name given to the bone surface at the front of a zygapophysis?

A

The superior articular facet

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25
Q

What is the name given to the bone surface at he back of a zygapophysis?

A

The inferior articular facet

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26
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the lumbar spine?

A

The lumbar arteries, iliolumbar artery, lateral sacral artery and median sacral artery

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27
Q

What are the segmental arteries of he fifth lumbar vertebra?

A

The iliolumbar artery, lateral sacral artery and median sacral artery

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28
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the sacrum?

A

The iliolumbar artery, lateral and median sacral artery

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29
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the vertebral artery?

A

C1-c6

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30
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the ascending cervical artery?

A

C1-C6

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31
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the deep cervical artery?

A

C7-T1

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32
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the superior intercostal artery?

A

T1, T2

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33
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the posterior intercostal artery?

A

T3-T11

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34
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the subcostal artery?

A

T12

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35
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lumbar arteries?

A

L1-L4

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36
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the median sacral artery?

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

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37
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the iliolumbar artery?

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

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38
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lateral sacral artery/

A

L5, S1-S5 and coccyx

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39
Q

Which vertebra has the greatest number is segmental arteries associated it hit?

A

L5

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40
Q

What are the segmental arteries of L5?

A

Iliolumbar artery. Median and lateral sacral artery

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41
Q

What branch of the segmental artery supplies the vertebra and the paravertebral region?

A

Dorsospinal artery

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42
Q

Which artery is primarily observed in the distal part of the intervertebral Foramen?

A

Spinal artery

43
Q

What are the branches of the spinal artery?

A

Osseous arteries, anterior and posterior spinal canal arteries, anterior and posterior medullary feeder arteries, and anterior and posterior radicals arteries

44
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the epidural space?

A

Osseous arteries, anterior and posterior spinal canal arteries

45
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Anterior spinal canal artery and plexus

46
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

Posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

47
Q

Which branches of the spinal artery supply the contents of the subarachnoid space>

A

Anterior and oyster riot radicular arteries, anterior and posterior medullary feeder arteries

48
Q

Which vessel will supply up the ventral/anterior nerve rootlet and nerve root?

A

Anterior radicular artery

49
Q

Which vessel will supply the dorsal/posterior nerve rootlets and nerve root ganglion?

A

Posterior radicular artery

50
Q

Which artery is now said to enlarge and form the medullary feeder artery?

A

The radicular artery

51
Q

What is the location and number of medullary feeder arteries present in the adult?

A

9 anterior and 12 posterior medullary feeder arteries

52
Q

The anterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

The vertebral artery

53
Q

Is the anterior spinal artery a single, continuous artery along the length of the spinal cord?

A

No

54
Q

As the anterior spinal artery continue alon the spinal cord, which arteries unite alon it’s length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

Anterior medullary feeder arteries

55
Q

The ouster or spinal arter is a branch of which artery?

A

The posterior inferior cerebellum artery

56
Q

What is the position of the sterile spinal artery relative to the spinal cord?

A

It lies in the posterolateral sulcus along the spinal cord

57
Q

As the posterior spinal artery spinal artery continues along the the spinal cord, which arterie untie along the length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

Posterior medullary feeder arteries

58
Q

What forms the arterial case corona above C3?

A

Right and left anterior spinal arteries, right and left oysters or spinal arteries and 4 communicating arteries

59
Q

What forms the arterial vasa corona below C6?

A

A median anterior spinal artery, right and left posterior spinal arteries, ad 3 communicating arteries

60
Q

What is the generic name given to arteries that penetrate the spinal cord?

A

Intrameullary arteries

61
Q

What are the intramedullary branches of the arterial vasa corona?

A

Pial perforating arteries and central/ventral/sulcal perforating arteries

62
Q

What artery gives off the ventral/central/sulcal perforating arteries>

A

The anterior spinal artery

63
Q

What arteries are responsible for supplementing the arterial vasa corona along the cord?

A

Anterior medullary feeders and posterior medullary feeders

64
Q

What vessels drain the spinal cord?

A

Pial veins

65
Q

What will pial veins drain into?

A

Venous vasa corona

66
Q

Which vessel form the venous vasa corona?

A

Right and left anterior longitudinal veins, right and left posterior longitudinal veins, and 4 communicating veins

67
Q

Which vessels will drain the venous vasa corona?

A

Anterior medullary veins, posterior medullary veins

68
Q

Which vessels will drain the ventral/anterior nerve roots?

A

Anterior radicular veins

69
Q

What vessel will drain the dorsal/oysters or nerve root ganglion?

A

Posterior radicular veins

70
Q

What veins will lie in the subarachnoid space?

A

Pial veins, venous vasa corona, anterior longitudinal veins, posterior longitudinal veins, communication veins, anterior and posterior medullary arteries, anterior and posterior radicular arteries

71
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Anterior internal vertebral pleas, basivertebral vein

72
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

Posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

73
Q

What venous vessels are IDed in the intervertebral Foramen?

A

Intervertebral veins

74
Q

ID the meninges of the spinal cord.

A

Dura mater - tough mother; arachnoid mater - spider mother; pia mater - tender or delicate mother

75
Q

Name and locate each space formed between the osseous vertebral Foramen and the spinal cord.

A

Epidural space - between the vertebral Foramen and the dura mater
Subdural space - between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater
Subarachnoid space - between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

76
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space?

A

Interstitial fluid

77
Q

What are the vascular contents of the epidural space?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal canal arteries and plexus’, anterior and oysters or internal vertebral venous plexus’, basivertebral vein

78
Q

What are the neural contents f the epidural space?

A

Recurrent maningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve

79
Q

What ligaments are associate with the epidural space?

A

Hofmann ligament, ligamentum flavum, posterior longitudinal ligament

80
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

Anterior spinal canal artery and plexus, anterior internal vertebral venous plexus, basivertebral vein

81
Q

Which of the nerve of the epidural space will e found near the vertebral body?

A

Recurrent meningeal/sing-vertebral, sinus enteral nerve

82
Q

Which of the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the vertebral body?

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament and Hofmann ligament

83
Q

Which of the blood vessels of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

Poster spinal canal artery and plexus, posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

84
Q

Which of the nerves off the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

Recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve

85
Q

Which off the ligaments of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

Ligamentum flavum and Hofmann ligament

86
Q

Which meningeal space is now thought to be a potential space, not an actual space?

A

Subdural space - between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

87
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space are more likely located near or around the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Anterior spinal canal artery and plexus, anterior internal vertebral venous plaexous, basivertebral vein, recurrent meningeal nerve, Hofmann ligament

88
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

Posterior spinal canal artery and plexus, posterior internal vertebral venous plexus, ligamentum flavum, recurrent meningeal nerve, Hofmann ligaments

89
Q

What is the name given to the fluid presen within the subdural space?

A

Serous fluid

90
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the subarachnoid space?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid?

91
Q

What ligaments may be present in the subarachnoid space?

A

Dentate ligament

92
Q

What contents of the subarachnoid space are change below the level C6?

A

The arterial vasa corona consists of 1 anterior spinal artery, 2 posterior spinal arteries and 3 communicating arteries

93
Q

What is the name given to the lateral extension of pia mater along the spinal cord?

A

Dentate ligament

94
Q

What is the unique feature of veins along the spinal canal?

A

They lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins

95
Q

What is the semicircular region of bone attached to the back of the vertebral body called?

A

The vertebral arch

96
Q

What is the name given to the intermediate part of the vertebral arch where the transverse process and articular processes attach?

A

The lamina-pedicle junction

97
Q

Hat are the segmental arteries?

A

The arteries whose branches supply the vertebra or segment

98
Q

What is the name given to the artery that lies in front of the spinal cord along its length?

A

Anterior spinal artery

99
Q

Is the posterior spinal artery a single, continuous artery along the spinal cord?

A

No

100
Q

What arterial vasa corona branches supply gray mater and most of the spinal cord?

A

Ventral/central/sulcal perforating

101
Q

What intramedullary branches supply about 1/3 of the spinal cord?

A

Pial perforating arteries

102
Q

What is the source for pial perforating arteries?

A

Pial plexus

103
Q

What arteries form the pial plexus?

A

The posterior spinal arteries and the communicating arteries

104
Q

Which vessels will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve roots?

A

Posterior radicular veins

Spinal (47 decks)

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