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MICRO Exam 7 > Typhoid Fever > Flashcards

Typhoid Fever Flashcards

1
Q

Salmonella and Diseases

A

Gastroenteritis

Enteric Fever

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2
Q

Enteric Fever by s Typhii and s paratyphii

A

Typhoid

paratyphoid

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3
Q

Typhoid Epidemiology

A

Endemic, poor quality water,

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4
Q

Typhoid reservoirs

A

HUMANS ONLLY, school age and young adults

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5
Q

Typhoid transmission

A

Fecal oral

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6
Q

Innate resistance

A

Gastric acid
CFTR heterozygote
IgA
Normal Intestinal Flora

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7
Q

Acquired Resistance

A

circulating IgM or IgG

CD4 or CD 8 Sensitized

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8
Q

Sal Typhi Etiology

A

Gram negative bacilli
Motile
facultative anaerobe
regular medium

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9
Q

Sal Typhi Characteristics

A

H2S producer, non lactose fermenter
Hekoten–diff lactose vs non lactose
McConkey = clear colonies
Infect macrophages

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10
Q

Typhi Virulence Factors

A 
Invasive w/ Type III
O antigen
H antigen-- flagella
LPS
SPI -1 and SPI-2 path islands
Vi antigen
Fimbriae- m cells
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11
Q

Typhoid Fever Pathogenes 9 steps

A
  1. microbes gain entrance
  2. survive acid and bile
    3.attach to m cells
  3. induce endocytosis
    5, taken up by macrophages
    6.travel lymphatics
    7.initiate phagocytosis
  4. released ito blood stream
  5. Repeat RES circuit
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12
Q

typhoid and peyers patches

A

Travel to ileum, find cftr gene of M cells
Induces BME or cell ruffling
Activates Type III sec inside phagolysosome

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13
Q

Where does Sal Typhi reside

A

Macrophages can cause rupture if high enough colony

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14
Q

Gall Bladder Enteric Fever

A

Predisposes, logn term carriage

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15
Q

Second INvasion of Peyers patches

A

Reseeding from bile
Hyperplastic
Necrotic

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16
Q

Clinical Manifestations week one

A

fever pattern, high in day gone by moring or
rise rapidly
• bacteremia
•bradycardia

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17
Q

Clinical Manifestations week Two

A

Abd Pain
Rose Spots
Constipation/Diarrhea

18
Q

Clinical Manifestations week Three

A

Hepatosplenomegaly
Intestinal Bleeding
Perforation

19
Q

Clinical Manifestations week 4

A

absence of complication

Some are chronic carriers

20
Q

Chronic Carrier

A

occurs in women
patients with gall stones or bile
Urine w/ Schistosoma

21
Q

Typhi Diagnosis

A

Culture Isolation

sensiivity nalidixic acid

22
Q

Recovery Organisms

A

After 1 week, blood
bone marrow biopsy
• confirmatory
• isolate even after antibiotics

23
Q

Serology Typhi

A

Widal- O and H antigen
Typhidot – IgM IgG
ELISA VI ANTIGEN

24
Q

Typhi Treatment

A

Amp/ Tmp/SX Chloramphenicol

25
Q

Treat Chronic Carriers

A

Cipro or norfloxacin

26
Q

Typhi Prevention

A

2 vaccins
• live attneuated
• Injection=
Neither totally effective

27
Q

Yersinia Pestis Epidemiology

A 
Zoonotic rodents wild
Xenopsylla cheopis
oropsylla montana
Feral mammals
Native Americans increased risk
Human to Human Transmission
28
Q

Yersinia Etiology

A 
PESSKY Strains
Non Spore
Pleomorphic
Gram neg coccobacillus
Path Island
Temp Vairant
NON MOTILE
29
Q

How do you see Yersinia Microscopically?

A

Bipolar, SAFETY PIN
Wayson Stain
Giemsa Stain

30
Q

What antigenic factor does Yersenia have?

A

F1 factor

31
Q

Where does Yersenia Grow?

A

Fleas and Mammals

Facultative Intracellular

32
Q

Virulence factors of Yersinia

A 
3 plasmids and chromosome
Biofilm synthesis
Plasminogen-activating protease
F1 protein
Type III secretory system
Endotoxin
33
Q

What is the function of the F1 protein

A

Fimbrial capsule forming

V and W antigens

34
Q

When does F1 do its job,

A

Has to be silent to form bubo,

Spreads during dissemination

35
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Yersinia

A
  1. bubonic plaque
  2. systemic plague
  3. pneumonic plague
36
Q

Bubonic Plague characteristics

A 
Most common
Sudden Onset
Intese pain/swelling in Lns (bubo)
Inguinal - Adult
Axilla - children
Erythema and edema
37
Q

Septicemic Plague

A 
w/out bubo, no localizing symptoms
Febrile and ill
hypotension
DIC
MODS
38
Q

Pneumonic Plague

A 
Primary or Seconday
aerosol droplets
Primary, direct inhalation---RARE
Secondary=== progression from bubonic plague or septic
RAPId
Chest pain
39
Q

Yersinia Disease Manifestations

A

Necrosis of small vessels, ecchymosis

40
Q

Yersisnia Diagnosis

A 
Aspirate fluid  from lymph nodes, Sputum and Stains
Immunofluorescence
Culture
4x F1 ab titer
chest radiograph
41
Q

Yresinia Treatment

A

Streptomycin
IV/IM Gentamycin
Prophylactic Doxycycline or TMP/Sx

42
Q

S Typhi vaccin

A

Recombinant

  • F1
  • Lcrv

MICRO Exam 7 (14 decks)

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