Lyme Disease Flashcards
3 main genera of spirochetes
Borrelia, Treponema, Leptospira
How are spirchetes differentiated
Nature of Spiral
Arrangement of flagella
Lyme Disease Epidemiology
Borrelia Burgoferi
Reservoirs- Small mammals and Birds
Ixodes TICK
Strong Correlation w/ Outdoor activity
Name other organisms that use Ixodes
Borrelia
Anaplasma
Babesia
Most important host in Ticks
White footed mouse
What does Ixodes mean?
Hard Body tick
Ixodes scapularis
ixodes pacificus
Tick Factors
No transovirial
4 stages Egg Larvae Nymph Adult
Feed once
Full feeding 3-6 days
What type of Ticks does Transvarial passage happen?
Ornithodoros– relapsing fever
Important about Ixodes
Only nymph and adult can infect
Must eat ofr 24-48 hrs to infect
Nymph Stage
Major Vector Human Infections
Peak Feeding is summer
Borrelia Burgodoferi
gram Neg spirochete Microaerophile linear chromosome Linear and circular plasmids Slow Grower BSK medium Motile
Borrelia Virulence factors
OSP • OSP A --binds tick midgut • OSP C --invasion of bacteria into skin, mammalian host No lipid A endotoxin Produce Lipoproteins NO TOXINS OR PROTEASES
3 stages of borrelia
1- Early
2- Disseminated
3- Late/Persistent
Stage 1
Erythema Migrans
Bulls Eye
Spriochetes isolate from leading edge
NON SPECIFIC SYMPTOMS
Stage 2
wks to months after infection
Lymphohematogenous spread
Spirochetemia, lymphadenopathy,
Moves to spleen joints liver heart
Manifestation of stage 2
secondary erythema
arthralgia arthritis
nuerological Manifestations
Cardiac Disease
Stage 3
months to years
Lyme arthritis
Lyme neuropathy
Early stage diagnosis/ treament
No isolation required
treat with antibiotics
Diagnosis for disseminated
serologic testing
travel to endemic
ELISA
Western Blot
Treat early disseminated
IV or oral for 3-4 weeks
Jerisch Herxheimer
Cause by massive release cyto kines after treatment
IL6, TNF alpha and IL8
Rigors, temp respiration increase
fllowed by sweating and drop in temp
Prevention Lyme disease
No Vaccine
Lyme Like Disease
Borrelia Stari vector: ambylomma americanum Hard body Larvae and nymph and adult all bite southeast united stated
How is Stari infection different than burgdoferi
More likely to recall
Erythema Migrans
Flu Like symptoms
recovers more rapidly
