Bacterial Zoonotic Flashcards
Cause of Tularemia
Franciscella Tularensis
Franciscella Epidemiology
Northern Hemishpere
Summer (Ticks)
Winter (rabbitts)
Vectors: Ticks and deer flies
Characteristics of Tularemia
Fastidious, aerobe COCCOBACILLUS Facult Intracellular Like Macrophages Extended life in mud and carcasses
Method of Transmission Tularemia
Arthropod bite Direct animal contact Aerosol Incontaminated Water Undercooked meat Small Mammal Bite NO PERSON TO PERSON
Alinical of arthropod
Ulceroglandular
Inhalation
Pneumonic
INgestion of meat
Oropharyngeal
Systemic Spread
Typhoidal
Autoinoculation
Oculoglandular
Ulceroglandular Tularemia
Most Common, Rarely fatal Through Skin, Inhibits lysosome phagosome fusion; macrophages 2-5 days painful papule Lymphadenopathy Abrupt Onset Spread
Pneumonic Tularemia
High Mortality Inhaled, multiple necrotizing granulomas Broncho pneumonia, Bronchitis, Tracheitis Lobar Pneumonia Bacteremia
Oropharyngeal Tularemia
Bacteria Ingested Bloodstream Endotoxemia Fever sore throat splenomegaly
Oculoglandar
Rare form Bacteria ioculated in eye Conjuctival sac Photophobia mucopurulent discharge
Typhoidal
Mortality is HIGH
Systemic bloodstream
Sepsis
Pneumonia
Diagnosis of Tularemia
Culture aspirate lymph node
Special AGAR
4x increase in IgG
Antibodies cross react w/ brucella
Tularemia Treatment
Streptomycin
Doxyclcline–> relapse
Tularemia Prevention
Avoid Reservoirs and vecotrs
process in biohazard hood
live vaccine not great but reduces severity
Brucellosis subtypes
Abortus—-cattle
Melitensis— goats and sheep
Brucella Characteristics
gra neg aerobic
facultative intracellular
Range of presentation
Cure to abscess
Brucella Epidemiology
Control in animal = control in humans
Unpasteurized milk
Brucella disease presentation
Patient HIstory
Ingestion or animal contact
Spread via lymphatic, multiplies macrophages, becomes systemic
UNDULATING FEVER
Burcella Disease
Fever Back Pain Fatigue
Abscesses and Granulomas
Arthritis Respiratory Cardiovacular
Burcella Diagnosis
Lab notification
Culture various tissues
Serological tests
MIsdiagnose as mylaria or Flu
Burcella Characteristics
Obligate aerobe, gram neg coccobacillus weak Lps no motitliy cat, ox and urease positive Prefers Macrophages Survival in milk, fetuses aborted, soil, or paper
Burcella Treatment
Doxycicline w/ rifampin
6+ weeks
Burcella Prevention
Immunization of animals
Avoid unpasteurized
Batonella Bacilliformis
bartonellosis, oroya fever
Bartonella quintana
trench fever, angiomatosis
Bartonella Henselae
Cat Scratch
Bartonella elizabethae
endocarditis
Bartonella Characteristics
gram neg
aerobic bacillus
Facult intracellular of blood and RES
Motility vaires
Bartonella Epidemiology
Bacilliformis— s america only
Henselae—- cat host, others are human hosted
Bite by arthropod
Bite or scratch by Cat
Vector Bacilliformis
sandfly
vector henselae
cat flea
vector quintana
Body Louse
Bacilliformis
biphasic Oroya fever (Acute) Verruga (Chronic) Sandfly Bloodstream multipilcation Oroya fever by removal RBC by REC\ Fever Malaise, Myalgia, Headache ANEMIA
Presentation of Verruga
Red purple skin lesions
Recurrence
Quintana
Trench Fever, Body Louse transmission Multiply in RES sever headache abrupt presentation 5 day recurrence
Henselae
Marcophages and lymphnodes
Bacteremia septicemia occur in immunocompromised
Chronic regional lymphadenopathy
Angiomatosis
Quintana or Henselae
immunocompromised
Diagnosis
History
serology DFA IFA
Bartonella Treatment
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Macrolides
Doxycycline
Cat Scrach Tx
Azithro
Bartonellosis
Doxycycline or Chloraphenicol
Angiomatosis Tx
Macrolides
Trench Fever Tx
Doxycycline