turning point for Gp

Question 1

securing their strategic power

Answer 1

(Suez)

1920s - Faisal and Abdullah puppet rulers - but after WW2, all mandates independent

• after Suez US became dominant power in ME
• USSR provided economic aid for Aswan and sparked 1967 war - the defeat was a major blow for Soviet prestige

Question 2

securing oil supplies

Answer 2

(after 1967 war)

• Six-day War 1967 led to an 8 year closure of Suez - led to oil shortages in West
• 1972, Iraq nationalised oil industry
• 1973 oil embargo drove prices up 400%
• 1990-91 war, value of Iraq’s exports decreased

Question 3

supporting Israel

Answer 3

(1948)

• British mandate in Palestine faced increasing revolts, partly due to increased Jewish immigration
• US recognised Israel in 1948 and have supported them to present

Question 4

supporting other states

Answer 4

(1990-91)

• SA feared an Iraqi invasion so requested presence of US soldiers
• most Arab states supported the deadline for Iraq’s withdrawl from Kuwait or face military force
• 600,000 troops gathered- some US, BR, FR and also arab states like Syria, Egypt

Question 5

fighting political Islam

Answer 5

(war on terror)

• 2003 US invaded Afgan and overthrew Taliban gov that had sheltered Al Qaeda - didn’t catch Bin Laden fro 10 years
• 9/11 heightened US distrust
• US invasion of Iraq 2003 was seen as a war on Islam rather than a war on terror

Question 6

maintaining peace and stability

Answer 6

(oslo accords)

• Arafat rejected terrorism, called for an end to the intifada and recognised Israel
• Rabin recognised PLO as Palestinian representation
• paved way for self-government for Palestinians, so provided a breakthrough to the Palestinian problem