The Peace Process in 1990s

Question 1

Camp David accords

Answer 1

did little to help the Palestinians

Question 2

restarted peace process

Answer 2

• desire for peace from civilians
• Arafat denounced the use of terrorism in 1988
• US wanted to maintain relations with Arabs so were willing to put pressure on Israel
• cold war ended- no more soviet money

Question 3

Madrid conference

Answer 3

1991
-Arab-Israeli talks - didn’t achieve much but started the process

extremists on both sides disrupted peace process

Question 4

Oslo accords 1993

Answer 4

-Yitzhak Rabin recognised PLO as the representatives of the Palestinians

not a peace treaty

Agreed to: -set up a Palestinian authority in Gaza +WB

• Partial Israeli military withdrawal
• negotiate a full settlement over 5 years

Question 5

Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty

Answer 5

1994

• border disputes settled
• Jordan recognised Israel

Question 6

Second Oslo Accords

Answer 6

1995

• Further Israeli withdrawal
• release of PLO prisoners
• PA elections to be held

Question 7

Problem: Jerusalem

Answer 7

both wanted it as their capital

-by late 90s East Jerusalem was surrounded by Israeli settlements containing 150,000 Israelis

Question 8

Problem: Jewish settlements

Answer 8

-debate about where the Jewish settlements in the west bank should go

Question 9

Problem: Independent Palestinian state

Answer 9

the Israelis were worried about their security

-suspected the Palestinians wouldn’t be content with a mini-state

Question 10

Problem: refugees return

Answer 10

-Israelis didn’t want Israel to be swamped as they didn’t want them to make up the majority of Israel

Question 11

1988

Answer 11

Dec

USA started peace talks with the PLO and led to them accepting the State of Israel

Question 12

end of cold war

Answer 12

America wanted support from Egypt and Saudi Arabia

Communist russia collasped so couldn’t support the Arab states - USA could then push Israel to make peace

Question 13

1991

Answer 13

Sept

in order to get Israel to make peace, the US threatened to withdraw $10 million in loans to Israel

Question 14

Oslo accord 1993- Palestinians

Answer 14

Arafat rejected the use of terrorism and recognised the State of Israel

paved way for self-government for Palestinians

Question 15

Jewish settlements in occupied territory

Answer 15

debate about were the Jewish settlements on the west bank should go

Question 16

obstacles of camp david

Answer 16

who controlled the holy sites

the right of Palestinian refugees to return