turkey

Question 1

the turks are

Answer 1

mainly Muslim, but not Arabs

Question 2

Mustafa Kamal

Answer 2

created Turkey after WW1

it has always been democratic and secular

Question 3

although secular,

Answer 3

the turks have enforced the supremacy of ethnic Turks

in 1920s “ethnic cleansing” saw Greek and Armenians expelled, and Kurds have always been persecuted

Question 4

Kemalism

Answer 4

Turkey’s relationship with the outside world has remained peaceful and has successfully bridged the gap with Europe

Question 5

repression of Kurds

Answer 5

despite the many years of repression, the Kurds still claim their cultural autonomy and some demand separation from Turkey

Kemal’s ideal of “inventing” the mono-ethnic Turk has not been totally successful

Question 6

policy of secularization

Answer 6

not totally successful as in the 1950s political parties started to openly express religious beliefs

However, 1982 constitution once again reiterated the secular identity of Turkey

Question 7

was kemal successful

Answer 7

the nationalists of Turkey were successful in putting Turkey on its feet and forcing the rebirth of a nation in a hostile environment

while recognising certain achievements, one has to recognise that in the process large segments of the population were alienated and the authoritarian legacy has been a difficult one to eliminate