Tudors Key Individuals Flashcards
Henry VII’s step father was involved in the Battle of Bosworth and was rewarded with Earl of Derby, crucial to the exercise of power in Northwest of England.
Lord Thomas Stanley
Son of Edward VI’s brother and was placed in the Tower of London in 1485. Alleged to have plotted with Warbeck and was executed for doing so.
Edward, Earl of Warwick
Brother of Thomas Stanley and step uncle of Henry VII and was rewarded with Lord Chamberlain. Accused of treason after plotting with Warbeck.
Sir William Stanley
Nephew of Edward IV and Richard III, latter’s designated successor.
John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln
Churchman and lawyer, promoted for his services by Henry VII to Archbishop of Canterbury in 1486, and Cardinal in 1493.
John Morton
Helped Henry VII raise funds during Bosworth. His role was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Also initially led Council Learned.
Sir Reginald Bray
Eventually chaired Council Learned, identified with the ruthlessness of Henry VII’s reign. Arrested and executed after death of Henry VII.
Sir Richard Empson
Came to prominence after Bray’s death. Role was to exploit financial opportunities which made him enemies. Again arrested and executed after death of Henry VII.
Edmund Dudley
Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 to 1519, was married to Mary of Burgandy and through her gained control of Netherlands.
Maximilian I
King of France from 1483 to 1498.
Charles VIII
Known as the ‘uncrowned King of Ireland’ he was the leading member of the Irish nobility. Henry VII was dependant on him to control Ireland.
Gerald Fitzgerald, Earl of Kildare
Henry’s most trusted military commander, led Bosworth.
John De Vere, Earl of Oxford
Originally a Yorkist, but he rebelled against Richard III and then fought for Henry at Bosworth. Led the Crown’s forces against Cornish rebels and succeeded Stanley as Lord Chamberlain.
Giles, Baron Daubeney
In 1487 was Bishop of Exeter and Lord Keeper of the Seal and helped with Crowns finances.
Richard Fox
An Italian humanist. Welcomed into Henry VII court and began writing ‘History of England’.
Polydore Vergil
A merchant involved in the Venetian spice trade and explorer.
John Cabot
Dutch scholar whose influential book ‘Handbook of a Christian Soldier’ sought to regenerate Christianity through emphasis on education and rejection of Church’s traditional ceremonies.
Erasmus
Dean of St. Paul’s and his surviving sermons were highly critical of the clergy, favouring the growth of Protestantism.
John Colet
Distinguished lawyer and humanist scholar, most famous as author of ‘Utopia’. Appointed as Lord Chancellor after fall of Wolsey. Was later executed for treason under Henry VIII.
Sir Thomas More
Fought for Richard III at Bosworth, after which was imprisoned for treason. Title restored his title when he suppressed Yorkshire Rebellion after which was promoted to Duchy of Norfolk.
Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey and second Duke of Norfolk
Lawyer, then secretary to Wolsey then principal secretary to Henry VIII. Masterminded the dissolution of the monastries.
Thomas Cromwell
Came to Henry VIII’s attention through the Collectanea Satis Copoisa. Later became Archbishop of Canterbury until burnt for heresy under Mary I.
Thomas Cranmer
Principal secretary to Henry VIII and then Bishop of Winchester. He supported the break from Rome but retained conservative Catholic views. This led to imprisonment under Edward VI but returned to favour under Mary.
Stephen Gardiner
Owed his advancement to Cromwell’s patronage. Appointed joint principal secretary in 1540 and attached himself to Gardner. Appointed Lord Chancellor in 1544. Slippery.
Thomas Wriothesley
