Tuberculosis Lecture Flashcards
What sort of staining do you need to do with mycobacterium tuberculosis and why?
Acid fast stain because they dont pick up the H and E stain because of the capsule.
How is TB spread?
Are latent infections infectious?
Droplet infection (almost considered airborne) when an infected person sneezes etc.
No, only an active infection can be infectious.
What is the current vaccine for TB?
BCG vaccine (an attenuated strain of M. bovis).
M. bovis can cause oropharyngeal and GI TB from ingested milk which is contaminated.
How can TB get to other organs (list the steps from initial infection to seeding).
Explain the hypersensitivity response to TB
Explain the different parts of the granuloma?
What is the ‘Ghon Focus’?
What is the ‘Ghon Complex’?
What are the 3 possibilities after primary TB infection?
Explain what secondary TB is and the consequences?
Sometimes called cavitary TB because it causes cavities in the lungs as people cough up the caseous necrosis which makes them very infectious.
Causes people to cough up blood as it burst neighbouring blood vessels, this is why it was called consumption back in the days.
2ndary TB is more likely to cause millary TB than primary.
How does extrapulmonary TB occur?
What can occur if extrapulmonary TB occurs in the spine?
Can you see a granuloma with the naked eye?
How can you diagnose someone with TB?
What is the tuberculin skin test and what does it show?
Explain the Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) for TB?
What are the drug treatments for TB?
