Trunk Flashcards
Attachment of Iliocostalis lumborum
Angle of the rib
Cost-vertebral joint
TWo facets on head of rib –> vertebral body above and below
Costo-transverse joint
Tubercle of rib –> transverse process of corrosponding vertebrae
Ligaments supporting the rib
Radiate ligaments around cost-vertebral joint
Superior costo-transervse ligament around costo-tranverse joint
Muscles of inspiration
Diapgragm
External intercostals
Scalene muscles
Muscles of expiration
Internal intercostals
Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique
Passages through the diaphragm
T8: IVC
T10: Oesophagus
T12: Descending Aorta
Origins of median arcuate ligamaent
Left crus arises L2
Right crus arises L3
For median arcuate ligament over aorta
Origins and Insertions of the Scalene Muscles
Anterior Scalene
- Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes C3-C6
- Inserts 1sr rib
Middle Scalene
- Posterior tubercles of the transverse process of C2-C6
- Inserts 1st rib
Posterior Scalene
- Posterior tubercles of the transverse process of C4-C6
- Inserts 2nd rib
Branches of the aorta in the Thorax
Ascending Aorta
-Coronary arteries immediately
Arch of the Aorta
1st. Brachiocephalic trunk (right)
2nd: Left common carotid artery
3rd: Left subclavian artery (–> internal thoracic artery)
Descending Aorta
-Posterior intercostal arteries
Veins of thr Thorax
Subclavian vein and internal jugular vein join behind medial clavicle
Form the brachiocephalic vein
2 x Brachiocephalic veins join to make SVC
SVC joined by azygous vein posteriorly as it branches over right main bronchus
SVC joins RA
Azygous vein
Ascends right side of vertebral column
Right sided intercostal veins drain directly into azygous
Left sided posterior intercostal veins drain into hemizygous prior to this joining with azygous
Arches over right main bronchus to joing SVC just priot to RA
Phrenic Nerves in Thorax
C3 C4 C5
Motor and sensory supply to the diapragm
Runs down front of anteror scalene muscle
Passes in front of subclavian artery and behind subclavian vein
Right side: runs in front of root of right lung and close to SVC / RA
Left side: Passes arch of arota, left vetricle
Vagus Nerves in Thorax
Parasympathic supply to thorax and abdomen
Runs down between internal jugular vein and common carotid
Passes in front of subclavian artery
Left side: recurrent laryngeal nerve divides off and runs around subclavian artery to larynx
Right side: passes in front of aorta, recurrent laryngeal nerve passes back around ligamentum arteriosum
Both had posteriorly to oesophagus
Origins of Thoraco-Lumbar Fascia
O: posterior layer from spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
anterior layer from transverse process of thoracic vertebrae
Forms single band which is the fascia
Origins, Insertion and Function of Quadratus Lumborum
O: 12th rib and transverse process of L1 - L3
I: Medial iliac crest and transverse process of L5
F: Lateral flexion of the lumbar spine
Origins, Insertion and Function of Psoas Major
Lies medially to the quadratus lumborum
O: transverse process, vertebral bodies, and intervertebral discs of T12 - L5
Becomes continuous with iliacus to form iliopsoas
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
F: Hip flexion
Origins, Insertion and Function of Iliacus
O: Ilaic fossa
Becomes continuous with psoas to form iliopsoas
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
F: Hip flexion
Origins, Insertion and Function of Rectus Abdominis
O: 5th, 6th and 7th costal cartilages
I: Pubic crest
Separates into sections by the tendinous intersections
F: Flexion of lumbar spine
Origins, Insertion and Function of Transversus Abdominis
O: Board origin
- Costal margins 6th - 12th ribs
- Edge of thoraco-lumbar fascia
- Iliac crest
- Thickening of iliopsoas fascia
I: Transversus aponeurosis which becomes continuous with intenral onblique aponeurosis
Fibres run mostly horizontal
Origins, Insertion and Function of Internal Oblique
O:
- Edge of thoraco-lumbar fascia
- Iliac crest
- Thickening of iliopsoas fascia
I: Ribs 9-12
Internal oblique aponeurosis
Fibres span in fan, change according to position
Origins, Insertion and Function of External Oblique
O:
Borad area fro, 12th - 5th ribs
I:
Anterior (9th - 6th ribs) –> External oblique aponeurosis
Posterior (12th-10th ribs) –> Outer edge of iliac crest
Fibres run downwards and forwards, oblique
F: Lateral flexion of lumbar
Rotation of thoracic
Branches of Abdominal Aorta
T12: immediately below diaphragm
–> Coeliac trunk (hepatic, splenic, and left gastric)
Superior mesenteric artery
L1
Renal Arteries just below SMA
Ovarian / Testicular arteries L2
Inferior mesentaric artery L3
Medial sacral artery
L4, just prior to bifurcation
Lumbar arteries, 4 pairs
Branches of Common Iliac Artery
Divides into extenral and internal iliac arteries
Extrenal iliac artery passes down, gives off deep cicumflex iliac artery on the lateral side
Gives of inferior epigastric artery medial side
Passes under inguinal ligament and becomes femoral artery
