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Anatomy > Head II > Flashcards

Head II Flashcards

1
Q

Innervation of the masseter muscle

A

Innervated by the massateric nerve which is a branch of the anterior trunk of the mandibular nerve V3

O: Zygomatic arch and maxillary process of the zygomatic bone

I: Lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible

F: Elevation of the mandible

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2
Q

Innervation of temporalis muscle

A

Innervated by the deep temporal nerves from the anterior tunk of the mandibular nerve V3

O: Temproal fossa and temporal fascia

I: Coronoid process of the mandible and anterio rmargin of the ramus of mkandible

F: Elevation and retraction of the mandible

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3
Q

Innervation of the medial pterygid muscle

A

Innervated by the nerve to the medial pterygoid from the mandibular nerve V3

O:
Deep head - Medial surface of lateral plate of pterygoid process and pyramidal process of palatine bone
Superficial head - tuberosity and pyramidal process of the maxilla

I: Medial surfcae of mandible near angle

F: Elevation and side-to-side movements of the mandible

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4
Q

Innervation of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Innervated by the nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle which is a branch of the anterior trunk of the mandibular nerve V3 or from the buccal branch

O:
Upper - roof of infratemporal fossa
Lower - lateral surface of the lateral plate of the pterygoid process

I: Capsule of the temporomandibular joint in the region of the articular disc and to pterygoid fovea on neck of mandible

F: Protrusion and side-to-side movements of mandible

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5
Q

Blood supply to the temporalis

A

Deep temporal arteries

Middle temporal artery (penetrates temporal fascia at the posterior end of the zygomatic arch)

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6
Q

Deep temporal nerves

A

Two in number

Branches of anterior trunk of mandibular nerve V3

Pass superiorly around infratemporal crest of greater wing of sphenoid to enter temporal fossa deep to temporalis

Supply temporalis

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7
Q

Zygomaticotemporal nerve

A

Branch of the zygomatic nerve

Zygomatic nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve V2 which originates in the pterygopalatine fossa and passes into the orbit

Zygomaticotemporal nerbe enters the temporal fossa through foramine in temporal surface of the zygomatic bone

Supply skin of the temple

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8
Q

Deep temporal arteries

A

Normally two in number, branch from the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa

Pass with the two deep temporal nerves around the infratemporal crest of the greater wing of sphenoid

Supplies temporalis and anastomoses with middle temporal artery

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9
Q

Middle tempora artery

A

Branch of the superficial temporal artery just superior to zygomatic arch

Penetrates temporal fasciua and under temporalis muscle

Supplies temporalis and anastomoses with deep temporal arteries

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10
Q

Borders of the infratemporal fossa

A

Roof: Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal bone
-foramen spinosum, foramen ivale and pterygomandibular fissure

Lateral: Medial surface of ramus of mandible

Medial: lateral plate of pterygoid process and pharynx and levator veni palatini and tensor veli palatini

Anterior: Maxilla

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11
Q

Contents of the infratemporal fossa

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

Medial pterygoid muscle

Lateral pterygoid muscle

Maxillary artery

Mandibular neve V3

Branches of facial nerve

Branches of glossopharyngeal nerve

Pterygoid plexus of veins

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12
Q

Sphenomandibular ligament

A

Spine of sphenid bone –> lingula of mandible

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13
Q

Mandibular nerve V3

A

Largest branch of trigeminal nerve

Passes through formane ovale

Motor and sensory

Sensory:

  • Teeth and gingivae of mandible
  • Anterior 2/3rds of tongue
  • Mucosa on the floor of the oral cavity
  • Lower lip
  • Skin over the temple (zygomaticotemporal nerve)
  • Lower face
  • Cranial dura mater

Motor:

  • Muscles of mastication
  • Tensor tympani
  • Tensor vali palatini
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14
Q

Branches of the mandibular nerve V3

A

Motor and sensory component join in between the lateral pterygoid muscle and tensor vali palatini muscle in the infratemporal fossa

Branches:
Meningeal nerve
Nerve to medial pterygoid muscle

Then divides into anterior and posterior trunks

Anterior: Predominantly motor
Buccal nerve (sensory + motor)
Massateric nerve
Nerve to lateral pterydoid
Posterior: predominantly sensory
Auriculotemporal nerve
Lingual nerve
Inferior alveolar nerves
- branch from inferior alveola nerve = Nerve to mylohyoid (motor)
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15
Q

Path of the lingual nerve into oral cavity

A

Passes between posterior attachment of mylohyoid muscle to the mylohyoid line AND teh attachment of the superior constrictor to the pterygomandibular raphe

Lies in shallow groove on floor of oral cavity on medial side of mandible inferior to last molar tooth

At risk during dentistry in this position

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16
Q

Submandibular ganglion

A

Ganglion of the lingual nerve on the lateral surface of the hyoglossus

Contains post-ganglionic fibres for the parasympathetic nerve of the facial nerve (chorda tympani) to synapse with

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17
Q

Innervation of the mylohyoid and the anterior belly of the digastric

A

Inferior alveolar nerve of the posterior trunk of the mandibular nerve V3 of the trigeminal nerve

Branches to form the nerve to the mylohyoid muscle just prior to entering the mandibular formane
–> passes into mylohyoid groove

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18
Q

Branches of the inferior alveolar nerve

A

Itself is a branch of the posterior trunk of the mandibular nerve V3

It branches first to give off the nerve to mylohyoid which innervates the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric

Then terminates as the incisive nerve and submental nerve

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19
Q

Branches of crnaial nerves joining the mandibular nerve in the infratemporal fossa

A

Chroda tympani
-Facial nerve

Lesser petrosal nerve
-Branch of tympanic plexus which originates fromthe glossopharyngeal nerve

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20
Q

Chorda tympani

A

Branch of the facial nerve within the temporal bone
Passes anteriorly through a canal and enters lateral aspect of the middle ear
Crosses middle ear between handle of malleus

Leaves through petrotympanic fissure into infratemporal fossa

Joins lingual nerve

Carries TASTE to anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
Parasympathetic supply to the salivary galnds below the level of the oral fissure

SA taste fibres do not pass through the submandibular ganglion
The parasympathetic fibres synapse in the submandibular ganglion

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21
Q

Lesser petrosal nerve

A

Contains parasynpathetic fibres destined for the parotid

Pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibres in the glossopharyngealnerve exits the cranial cavity via the jugular foramen

Tympanic nerve branches from the glossopharyngeal either within or immediately outside of the jugular foramen

Tympanic nevre then re-enters the cranial cavity through inferor tymapnic canaliculus to the promontory of the labyrunthine wall of middle ear

Tympanic plexus occurs here

Lesser petrosal nerve is a branch containing preganglion parasympathetic fibres

Leaves the middle ear into middle cranial cavity through th lesser petrosal foramen

Passes back out via the forman ovale into the infratemporal fossa

Passes into otic ganglion, post-ganglionic fibres leave the ganglion and enter the auriculotemporal nerve which is a branch of the mandibular nerve

Carries parasympathetic fivres to the parotid gland

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22
Q

Branches of the maxillary artery

A

Three distinct parts

First part: between neck of mandible and spenomandibular ligament
-Middle meningeal artery
-Inferior alveolar arteries
(Deep auricular artery)
(Anterior tympanic artery)
(Accessory meningeal artery)

Second part: related to lateral pterygoid muscle

  • Deep temporal arteries
  • Massteric artery
  • Buccal artery
  • Pterygoid artery

Third part: pterygopalatine fossa

  • Posterior superior alveolar artery
  • Infra-orbital artery
  • Greater palatine artery
  • Pharyngeal branch
  • Sphenopalatine artery
  • Artery of the pterygopalatine canal
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23
Q

Middle menigeal artery

A

Ascends vertically from the first portion of the maxillary artery

Infratemporal fossa: passes between lateral pterygoid and spenomandibular ligament
Auriculotemporal nerve splits into two and wraps around it

Enters cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum

Travels in periosteal layer of the dura

Supplies much of the dura mater and bone

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24
Q

Inferior alveolar artery

A

Branch of the first branch of the maxillary artery
-supplies lower teeth, gingivae, chin and lower lip

Branch for the mylohyoid artery (with nerve to mylohyoid) prior to entery into mandible

Descends to enter the mandibular foramen with inferior alvolar nerve

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25
Q

Connecting veins of the pterygoid plexus

A

Short maxillary vein connects to the retromandibular vein in the neck

Deep facial vein connects to the facial vein on the face

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26
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion

A

Within pterygopalatine fossa

Contains
Nerve of pterygopalatine canal joins containing (formed by greater petrosal and deep petrosal nevre):

Preganglionic fibres from the greater petrosal branch of the facial nerve VII
Postganglionic sympathetic fibres from the deep petrosal branch of the carotid plexus

Fibres pass into the branches of the maxillary nerve V2

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27
Q

Maxillary nerve

A

Exits cranial cavtity through the formane rotundum and immediately enters the ptergopalatine fossa

Meets pterygopalatine ganglion

Branches:

  • Zygomatic nerve: divides into zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial nerves
  • Posterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Orbital branches
  • Palatine branches: greater and lessser palatine nerves
  • Nasal branches
  • Pharyngeal branches

Passes anteriorly through the fossa and exits as the infra-orbital nerve through the inferior orbital fissure
-Branches into nasal, papebral and superior labial branches

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28
Q

Nerve of the pterygoid canal

A

Formed in the middle cranial fossa by union of:

  • Greater petrosal nerve (branch of facial nerve)
  • Deep petrosal nerve (branch of internal carotid plexus)

Passes into pterygopalatine fossa to join with the pterygopalatine ganglion

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29
Q

Greater petrosal nerve

A

Originates fromt the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve in the temporal bone

Passes into middle cranial cavity via the greater petorsal foramen / fissure

Passes under the interbal carotid artery by the formane lacerum

Joins the deep petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoapalatine canal

Greater petrosal nerve carries parasympathetic supply to all the glands above the oral fissure:

  • Mucous glands in the nasal cavity
  • Salivary glands in upper oral cavity
  • Lacrimal gland

Also carries soem taste fibres for the lesser palatine nerve

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30
Q

Deep petrosal nerve

A

Formed by post-ganglionic fibres of the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Pre-ganglionic fibres from T1 pass with the carotid artery –> superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Post-ganglionic fibres branch off the carotid nerve at the netrance to cranial cavity as the deep petrosal nerve

Deep petrosal nevr ejoins greater petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the pterygopalatine canal

Carries sympathetic post-ganglionic fibres destined for blood veseels

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31
Q

Branches of the first part of the maxilarry artery

A

First part: between neck of mandible and spenomandibular ligament

  • Middle meningeal artery
  • Inferior alveolar arteries

(Deep auricular artery)
(Anterior tympanic artery)
(Accessory meningeal artery)

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32
Q

Branches of the second part of the maxillary artery

A

Second part: related to lateral pterygoid muscle

  • Deep temporal arteries
  • Massteric artery
  • Buccal artery
  • Pterygoid artery
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33
Q

Branches of the third part of the maxillary artery

A

Third part: pterygopalatine fossa

  • Posterior superior alveolar artery
  • Infra-orbital artery
  • Greater palatine artery
  • Pharyngeal branch
  • Sphenopalatine artery
  • Artery of the pterygopalatine canal
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34
Q

Branchial arches

A

Lie in side walls and floor of fetal pharynx

Support lateral walls of cranial foregut and primitive pharynx

Arches separated by ectodermal bronchial clefts

Primitive pharynx: five endodermal pharyngeal POUCHES

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35
Q

Components of a branchial arch

A

Mesordermal core covered by ectoderm
and an internal layer of endoderm

Typical branchial arch contains:

  • skeletal element (cartilaginous bar) –> form bones and ligaments
  • artery
  • nerve
  • striated muscle supplied by that given nerve
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36
Q

Derivatives of first pharyngeal POUCH

A

Eustachian tube

Middle ear

Mastoid antrum

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37
Q

Derivatives of second pharyngeal POUCH

A

Tonsillar fossa

palatine fossa

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38
Q

Derivatives of third pharyngeal POUCH

A

Thymus

Inferior parathyroid

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39
Q

Derivatives of fourth pharyngeal POUCH

A

Superior parathyroid

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40
Q

Derivatives of first branchial ARCHES

A

1st = mandibular

Cranial nerve V = Trigeminal

Skeletal: incus and malleus (Meckel’s cartilage)

Muscles:

  • Mastication
  • Mylohyoid
  • Anterior belly of digastric
  • Tensory tympani
  • Tensor palati

Ligamenbts:

  • Sphenomandibular ligament
  • Anterior ligament of malleus
41
Q

Sphenomandibular ligament

A

From spine of sphenoid (spina angularis)

–> lingula of mandibular foramen

Derivative of first branchial ARCH

42
Q

Derivares of second branchial ARCHES

A

2nd = hyoid

Cranial nerve VII = Facial

Skeletal: 
Stapes
Styloid process
Upper part of body of hyoid
Lesser Cornu of hyoid

Muscles:
Facial expression
Posterior belly of digastric
Stylohyoid

Ligaments:
Stylohyoid

43
Q

Derivates of third branchial ARCHES

A

3rd

Cranial nerve IX = Glossopharyngeal

Skeletal:
Lower part of body of hyoid
Greater Cornu of hyoid

Muscle: Stylopharyngeus

44
Q

Derivates of branchial ARCHES fourth - sixth

A

4th - 6th

Cranial nerve X: recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve

Skeletal:
Thyroid cartilage
Arytenoid cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
Cuneiform cartilage

Muscles of:

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx
  • Palate
45
Q

Formation of tongue

A

Nodule = tuberculum impar
Develops in the floor of the pharynx

Covered by two lingual swellings which arise from either side of first branchial arch to fuse in the midline and forms anterior two-thirds of tongue

Part of second branchial arch (chord tympani) forms anterior two-thirds

Posterior third formed by third branchial arch (CN IX)

Musculature developed from migrating occipital myotomes dragging their nerve supply with them (CN XII)

Nerve supply = Trigeminal

46
Q

Nerve supply to tongue

A

From development arches

General sensation anterior 2/3ds: Lingual nerve of trigeminal nerve

Taste sensation anterior 2/3rds: chord tympani of facial nerve

General and taste posterior 1/3rd: glossopharyngeal

47
Q

Development of face

A

Develops from primitive mouth - stomodaeum

Frononasal process

Maxillary process

Mandibular process

48
Q

Frontonasal process of developing face

A

Frontonasal process grows down from the cranium

Forms:

  • nose
  • nasal septum
  • nostril
  • philtrum
  • premaxilla (bearing four incisor teeth)
49
Q

Maxillary process of developing face

A

Maxillary process fuses with Frontonasal process

Forms:

  • cheeks
  • upper lip (except philtrum)
  • upper jaw
  • palate (except premaxilla)
50
Q

Mandibular process of developing face

A

Mandibular processes meet in midline, forms:

-lower jaw

51
Q

Abnormalities of the developing face

A

Tend to occur with failure of fusion

Abnormalities of stomodeaum:

  • macrostomia
  • microstomia

Cleft lip

Cleft palate

Inclusion dermoids

52
Q

Cleft lip

A

One or both sides of philtrum
-occurring as a failure of fusion of maxillary and frontonasal processes

May extend into nostril or alongside nose as far as orbit

May be associated with cleft palate

Median cleft is rare (midline) - occurs when failure of development of philtrum from frontonasal process

53
Q

Cleft palate

A

Fusion normally occurs between primary palate (anterior premaxilla) and secondary palate (hard and soft palate)

Failure of fusion may result in:
-cleft of soft palate = bifid uvula
-partial cleft of posterior hard palate
-unilateral complete cleft
-bilateral complete cleft = running full length of
maxilla and on both aspects of premaxilla,
separating it completely

54
Q

Inclusion dermoids

A

Form along lines of facial fusion

Commonest is at the lateral extremity of the eyebrow,
i.e. external angular dermoid

55
Q

Development of the thyroid

A

Develops as diverticulum from floor of embryonic pharynx just caudal to tuberculum impar

= foramen caecum of tongue

Grows caudally superficial to branchial arches and
hence to hyoid and larynx to its definitive position

As lobes expand, they come into contact with the
ventral part of the fourth pharyngeal pouch, which
contributes the parafollicular (C) cells.

56
Q

Management of thyroglossal cyst

A

Thyroglossal duct attaches to body of hyoid bone

This part of the body of the hyoid must be excised when dealing with the thyroglossal ducts surgically

Orr when dealing with a thyroglossal cyst, which is adherent to the body of the hyoid bone

57
Q

Development of the parathyroids

A

Superior parathyroids: 4th pharyngeal arch

Inferior parathyroids: 3rd pharyngeal arch
–> inferior parathyroid may be dragged beyond the thyroid into the superior mediastinum and be found in association with (or even within) the thymus

58
Q

Fusion of vertebral bodies

A

Vertebral bodies develop around notocord

Three primary centres

Two halves of arch fuse, starting in thoracic region
–> this spreads up and down the column

Failure of the two arches to fuse posteriorly results in spina bifida, which is most common in the lumbar region

59
Q

Hydrocephalus and myelomengingocele

A

Spinal cord tethered at site of lesion

Differential growth between spinal cord and vertebral column pulls the hindbrain down into foramen magnum
–> Arnold-Chiari malformation

This causes impeded CSF circulation –> hydrocephalus

60
Q

Greater auricular nerve

A

Supply to face is entirely trigeminal nerve

EXCEPT:

  • small area over parotid = greater auricular nerve
  • branch of cervical plexus
61
Q

Supraorbital nerve

A

Branch of opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve V1

Passes through supraorbital foramen and ascends to scalp

Supplies the skin of the scalp as far back as the vertex, the skin of the forehead, the skin of the upper eyelid, the skin of the front of the nose, the cornea

62
Q

Infraorbital nerve

A

Branch of maxillary division of trigeminal nerve V2

Passes through infraorbital foramen

Supplies the skin of the cheek, side of the nose, mucous membrane of the inside of the corresponding part of the cheek, outer surface of the gum

63
Q

Mental nerve

A

Branch of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve V3

Passes through mental foramen

Supplies skin of chin, mucous membrane of lower lip, outer surface of gums

64
Q

Sensation to scalp

A

Anterior to auricle
-Trigeminal nevre

Posterior to aurcle

  • Greater occpital C2, C3
  • Lesser occipital C2
65
Q

Structures passing through the cribriform plate

A

Olfactory nerves

Emissay veins

Anterior ethmoidal nerves and veins

66
Q

Floor of anterior cranial fossa

A

Orbital plate of frontal bone

Ethmoidal bone - cribriform plate

Lesser wing of sphenoid

67
Q

Floor of middle cranial fossa

A

Body of sphenoid

Greater wing of sphenoid

Squamous parts of temporal bone

68
Q

Foramina of middle cranial fossa

A
  • optic canal
  • superior orbital fissure
  • foramen rotundum
  • foramen ovale
  • foramen spinosum
  • foramen lacerum
69
Q

Floor of posterior cranial fossa

A

Body of sphenoid

Petrous temporal bone

Basilar part of occipital bone

70
Q

Components of clivus

A

Body of sphenoid

Basilar part of occipital bone

71
Q

Foramina of the posterior fossa

A

Jugular foramen

Hypoglossal canal

Foramen magnum

Internal acoustic meatus

72
Q

Drainage of lacrimal sac

A

Drains into nasolacrimal duct

Opens up into anterior part of inferior meatus of nose

73
Q

Muscles of the middle ear

A

Stapedius: attached to the neck of stapes
-supplied by facial nerve

Tensor tympani: inserts into handle of malleus
-supplied by mandibular division of trigeminal CN V3

74
Q

Lining of eustachian tube

A

Line by columnar ciliated epithelial cells

75
Q

Opening of sphenoidal sinus

A

Opens into sphenoethmoidal recess

above superior concha

76
Q

Opening of posterior ethmoidal air cells

A

Open into superior meatus

just below superior concha

77
Q

Openings into middle meatus

A

Middle meatus = just below middle concha

Bulla of ethmoid - middle ethmoidal cells

Hiatus semilunaris:

  • infundibulum of frontal sinus
  • anterior ethmoidal air cells (in front)
  • maxillary ostium (behind)
78
Q

Lower limit of olfactory mucosa

A

Upper part of middle concha

= simple columnar

79
Q

Blood supply to the nose

A

Upper: ethmoidal branches of ophthalmic artery

Lower: sphenopalatine branch of maxillary artery

Septal branch of facial artery
–> anastomoses with sphenopalatine branch on anteroinferior part of septum = Little’s area

80
Q

Venous drainage of nose

A

Facial vein

OR

Ethmoidal tributaries of ophthalmic vein –> cavernous sinus

81
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Maxillary sinuses

Ethmoidal air cells

  • anterior
  • middle
  • posterior

Frontal sinus

Sphenoidal

82
Q

Openings of paranasal sinuses

A

Maxillary –> middle meatus

Ethmoidal
anterior and middle –> middle meatus
posterior –> superior meatus

Frontal –> middle meatus via infundibulum

Sphenoidal –> sphenoethmoidal recess

83
Q

Caldwell-Luc operation

A

for maxillary sinusitis

Anterior wall of maxilla removed, mucosa stripped and permanent drainage hole made into inferior meatus

84
Q

Innervation of maxillary sinus

A

Maxillary division of trigeminal

  • infraorbital nerve
  • superior dental nerve
85
Q

Lymphatic drainage of maxillary sinus

A

Upper deep cervical nodes

86
Q

Ethmoidal air cells

A

Group of 8-10 air cells

Lateral mass of ethmoid

Lie between side walls of upper nasal cavity and orbits

Above –> each side of cribriform plate and are related to frontal lobe of brain

Anterior and middle air cells –> middle meatus
Posterior air cells –> SUPERIOR meatus

87
Q

Structures lying on hyoglossus

A

Above –> down

Lingual nerve

Deep part of submandibular gland and duct

Hypoglossal nerve

88
Q

Floor of mouth

A

Formed by the mylohyoid, which separates the oral
cavity from the neck

Mylohyoid muscles of both sides meet along a midline raphe

Mylohyoids are reinforced superiorly by geniohyoids

89
Q

Lingual nerve

A

Branch of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

Runs forward above mylohyoid

Gives off gingival branch, which supplies the lingual gingiva and the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth

Winds round submandibular duct before being distributed to the mucosa of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue

–> Submandibular ganglion is suspended from lingual
nerve as it lies on hyoglossus
-Preganglionic fibres in the chorda tympani synapse
in submandibular ganglion.
-Before reaching the floor of the mouth, the lingual
nerve lies against the periosteum of the alveolar
process closely related to the third molar tooth. The
nerve can be damaged here during dental extraction.

90
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

Descends between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery

Supplies superior limb of ansa cervicalis C1
–> infrahyoid muscles

Reaches surface of hyoglossus by passing deep to posterior belly of diagastric

On hyoglossus, breaks up into branches to supply all muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus

91
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Genioglossus –> protrudes tongue

Styloglossus –> retracts tongue

Hyoglossus –> depresses the tongue

92
Q

Blood supply to tongue

A

Lingual branch of external carotid

93
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the tongue

A

Tip drains to submental nodes

Anterior 2/3rds drain to submental and submandibular nodes

  • -> then to lower deep cervical nodes
  • no cross drainage

Posterior 1/3rd

  • -> upper deep cervical nodes
  • cross-drainage, therefore cancers can spread to bilateral nodes
94
Q

Jaw thrust

A

Genioglossus attaches togue to mandible

In jaw thrust, you can physically move tongue forwards and away from airway

95
Q

Structures passing through the parotid gland

A

Traversing the gland from superficial to deep are:

-facial nerve
-retromandibular vein
-external carotid artery, dividing into the superficial
temporal and maxillary branches.

96
Q

Nerve most at-risk during parotidectomy

A

The mandibular division is the longest, thinnest and

therefore most vulnerable branch

97
Q

Submandibular excision

A

Mandibular branch of facial nerve reaches angle of mandible before ascending again

Surgical incision at least 2.5 below angle of mandible to miss mandibular branch

98
Q

External jugular vein pierces investing facia…

A

Below omohyoid, just above midpoint of clavicle

If cut here, fascia will hold external jugular open –> air embolism

Anatomy (22 decks)

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