Trigger 6: Lung structure Flashcards
which structure is responsible for the lungs large surface area for gaseous exchange
the aleveoli
surface area of lung
65m^2
how are alveoli adapted to be efficient and transferring oxygen to the blood
- thin (one cell thick)
- highly vascularised
Lung are highly vascularised also to ensure…
…that optimum levels of oxygen are absorbed
structure of the lungs- start at the top
1) trachea
2) primary bronchi
3) secondary bronchi
4) tertiary bronchi
5) small bronchi
6) bronchioles (terminal-> respiratory)
7) Alveolar ducts and sacts
which cells line the trachea –> the bronchioles
- ciliated cells
- goblet cells
- basal cell
- intermediate cell
- clara cell
which cels make up alveoli
type 1 and type 2
ciliated cell
cilia are tiny hair-like structures that move mucus and debris up the respiratory
goblet cell
a column-shaped cell found in the respiratory and intestinal tracts, which secretes the main component of mucus.
basal cell
basal cells are the stem cells of the airway
clara cell
have a defensive role (immune)
- secretes proteins such as lysozymes, and enables conjugation of the secretory portion of IgA antibodies.
Type II ells
secrete surfactant
surfactant
lowers the surface tension of water and allows the membrane to separate, therefore increasing its capability to exchange gases
Type I cells
90% of the surface airway (very thin)
how many litres of air breathed in each day
10,000
