Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
What do insight therapies involve?
verbal interactions intended to enhance client’s self-knowledge and thus promote healthy changes
What do behaviour therapies involve?
application of the principles of learning and conditioning to direct efforts to change maladaptive behaviours
What do biomedical therapies involve?
physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders
What did psychoanalytic therapists believe caused neuroses?
unconscious conflicts regarding sex and aggression from childhood
In psychoanalysis how is the unconscious explored?
dream analysis and free association
What can the transference relationship be used for?
overcome resistance and promote insight
What are examples of insight therapies?
psychoanalysis, client-entered therapy, group therapy, couples/family therapy
What did client centered therapists believe causes neuroses?
incongruence between your self-concept and reality
In client centered therapy what is considered more important, the process or the climate?
the therapeutic climate was believed to be more important
How can therapists create a healthy climate?
therapists must be genuine and provide unconditional positive regard and empathy
What is the key process at work in client centered therapy?
clarification of the client’s feelings
What does group therapy involve?
simultaneous treatment of several clients, where participants function as therpists for one another
What role do group therapists play?
subtle role, stay in the background and promote group cohesiveness and supportive interactions
What does systematic desensitization treat? What does it involve?
phobias
construction of an anxiety hierarchy, relaxation training, and movement throughout the hierarchy pairing relaxation with each phobic stimulus
What is involved in exposure therapies?
confrontations with situations they fear so they learn these situations are harmless
What does social skills training involve?
designed to improve client’s interpersonal interactions through modelling, behavioural rehearsal, and shaping
What do cognitive behavioural treatments involve?
combine verbal interventions and our modification techniques to help clients change maladaptive patterns of thinking
What was CBT created for? What is it now used for?
treatment for depression
variety of disorders
Do all therapeutic clients need to have a disorder?
no
What types of people tend to seek therapy more often?
women, white people, well-educated people, people with insurance
What do clinical and counselling psychologists do?
specialize in diagnosing and treating mental disorders and everyday problems
What are psychiatrists?
medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
Aside from psychiatrists and psychologists who else provide psychotherapy services?
social workers, psych nurses, counsellors, and marriage/family therapists
Why do ethnic minorities under use mental health services?
cultural distrust, language difficulties, institutional barriers
What are some examples of drug treatments?
antianxiety, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics
What do antianxiety meds do?
reduce nervousness, effective in short term
What do antipsychotics do? What are the downsides?
gradually reduce psychotic symptoms
have many unpleasant side effects
What do anti-depressants do?
gradually relieve depressive episodes, have side effects
What do mood stabilizers do?
help prevent manic/depressive episodes for patietns with bipolar disorders
What is ECT?
electroconvulsive therapy, electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure and convulsions, beneficial for depression
What are some risks/doubts of ETC?
causes short-term memory loss, historicly seen as inhumane
What is deinstitutionalization?
transfer of mental health care from impatient institutions to community based outpatient facilities
What has deinstitutionalization contributed to?
a revolving door problem (people leave and come back), growth of homelessness and increased rates of mental illness in the homeless, more psych patients in jail
What is more important a therapists degree or personal skills?
personal skills
