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Anatomy 1 > Treasure Hunt > Flashcards

Treasure Hunt Flashcards

1
Q

What joint is called a immobile joint?

A

Synostosis or bony joint

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2
Q

Which bones are bound by collagen fibers?

A

Synarthrosis or fibrous joint

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3
Q

What is an example of a fibrous joint?

A

Sutures-cranial bones
Gomphoses-tooth to socket
Syndesmosis- radius to ulna via interosseus membrane

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4
Q

What nutrients would be used for the protection of the periodontal ligament?

A

Vitamin C

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5
Q

How many discs are in the spine?

A

23

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6
Q

Which joint will offer most mobility? What is the importance of having this mobility?

A

Synovial joint-Freely mobile and give us quality of life

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7
Q

Synovial fluid is rich in what?

A

Albumin and hyaluronic acid

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8
Q

What is the importance of exercise and cartilage?

A

Repetitive compression of nonvascular cartilage during exercise squeezes fluid, and metabolic waste out of the Cartilage.
Without exercise, Cartlidge deteriorate more rapidly from inadequate nutrition and waste removal. 

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9
Q

Which pathology would we see double jointed patients?

A

Long or slack ligaments

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10
Q

What form of behavioral modifications would help a patient suffering from TMJ

A

therapy to reduce anxiety, depression, and stress

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11
Q

Anterior dislocation of the shoulder is the most common or least common?

A

Most common 95%

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12
Q

What nerve is damaged with an anterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Axillary nerve

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13
Q

Annular ligament will encircle which bone?

A

Radius (radial head)

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14
Q

Which ligament will prevent hyperextension of the hip?

A

Iliofemoral ligament

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15
Q

Function of the ACL and PCL.
Which ligament is injured during trauma?

A

ACL-Prevents hyperextension of the knee
PCL-Prevents posterior displacement of tibia
*ACL Ligament is most commonly injured

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16
Q

What is the most common ligament tear of the ankle joint?

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament Is most common to tear or sprain

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17
Q

What are the differences between tendon, ligament and bursa?

A

Tendon-Attaching muscle to bone

Ligament-Attaching one bone to another

Bursa-Between muscles or tendons pass over bones or between bone and skin. Fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid

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18
Q

Explain the process of muscle concentration from what is the actions of the bands, the z disc and M-Line?

A

M line=dark transverse protein in middle of H band

A band=thick filaments overlap with thin (DOES NOT SHRINK)

I band= light band that shrinks slightly on contraction

Z line (Z disc)= protein complex provides anchorage for thin filaments and elastic

H band= THICK FILAMENTS ONLY , middle of A band (Disappears on contraction)

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19
Q

What helps the skeletal muscles to contract?

A

Myosin and actin=contractile proteins (work) Tropomyosin and Troponin regulate when or if a fiber can contract

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20
Q

What mineral will help with muscle contraction?

A

Calcium

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21
Q

Symptoms of tetanus and what is blocked when a patient has tetanus

A

Lockjaw a form of spastic paralysis cause by toxin colostridium tetani.
Blocks glycine release in spinal cord.

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22
Q

Botulism cannot be given to which age group?

A

Used to be 1 yr old but now recommend not under 2 yrs old.

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23
Q

What are the real life examples of the different types of contractions?

A

1)concentric- Lifting weight
2)Eccentric- slowly lowering weight
3)Isotonic-holding same weight doing reps

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24
Q

What will produce more ATP and does not generate lactate

A

Aerobic respiration
And requires a continuous supply of oxygen

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25
Q

Difference between DHF & CHF

A

DHF-Decompensated heart failure, unable to pump effectively
CHF-Congested, heart failure, unable to pump out effectively, feels like drowning

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26
Q

The location of intercalated discs would be found where?

A

Cardiac muscle

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27
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

The SA (sinus) node

28
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:
Age-
Gender-
Symptoms-

A

Age- 20-30
Gender- Female
Symptoms- Droopy eyelids, double vision, difficulty swallowing, weakness of limbs, inability to fixate on same point with both eyes 60sec.

29
Q

What classification of muscles will be found in the pec major?

A

Triangular convergent muscle

30
Q

When dealing with the thigh muscles when a patient performs a squat which muscles/group of muscles will act as the primary movers, in which will act as the antagonist?

A

Quadriceps and gluteus maximus
Antagonists- hamstrings

31
Q

Which cranial nerve intervate, the majority of the facial muscles

A

CN-VII

32
Q

The fiber pathways of the intercoastals will help in what action?

A

Elevating and depressing the ribs

33
Q

What is the most common type of hernia and who would get them?

A

Inguinal hernia
Men

34
Q

What muscles are involved in tennis and golfers elbow?

A

(Tennis) Extensor carpi Radials brevis
And
(Golfers) Flexor carpi Radials and pronator teres

35
Q

Which pec is associated with a pec tear?

A

Pec major

36
Q

What are some treatment/ management for a patient suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Anti-inflammatory drugs, immobilization of the wrist, and sometimes surgery to remove part or all of flexor retinaculum

37
Q

Action and innervation of
Orbicularis Oculi

A

Action: Blinking, squinting, draws eyebrow inferiorly
Innervation: Facial nerve

38
Q

Action and innervation of
Orbicularis Oris

A

Action: Closes, protrudes and compresses lips
Innervation: facial nerve

39
Q

Action and innervation of
Levator Labii Superioris

A

Action: Raises and furrows upper lip
Innervation: facial nerve

40
Q

Action and innervation of
Buccinator

A

Action: Compresses cheek against teeth and gums, keeps cheek in place to prevent biting during chewing, expels air and liquid
Innervation: facial nerve

41
Q

Action and innervation of
Temporalis:

A

Action: To retract mandible during chewing, and make rear teeth meet
Innervation: trigeminal nerve

42
Q

Action and innervation of
Masseter

A

Action: Prime mover of jaw closure and elevates mandible
Innervation: trigeminal nerve

43
Q

Action and innervation of
Sternocleidomastoid:

A

Action: Prime mover of neck flexion
Unilateral-rotation of head to opposite side
Bilateral- contraction flexes neck
Innervation: accessory nerve

44
Q

Action and innervation of
Scalenes:

A

Action:
Unilateral- ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation of neck
Bilateral- flexion of neck
Innervation: Brachial plexus

45
Q

Action and innervation of
Trapezius:

A

Extends and laterally flexes the neck, Performs scapular movements
Innervation: accessory nerve (C7-T12)

46
Q

Action and innervation of
Diaphragm:

A

Contraction causes diaphragm to flatten and enlarge Thoracic cavity, causing air intake
Innervation: Phrenic nerve

47
Q

Action and innervation of
External abdominal oblique:

A

Most superficial later; Fibers pass downward and anteriorly, Rotation (twisting) of waist
Innervation- Anterior rami spinal nerve (T7-T12)

48
Q

Action and innervation of
Rectus Abdominis:

A

Sternum to pubis; flexes waist, Divided into segments by three tendinous intersections, giving the look of a six pack
Innervation: Anterior rami spinal nerve (T6-T12)

49
Q

Action and innervation of
Erector spinae:

A

Lateral flexion and extension of spine
Innervates: posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

50
Q

Action and innervation of
Quadratus Lumborum

A

Deep back muscle, and lumbar region
-Unilateral contraction causes ipsilateral flexion of the spine
-Bilateral contraction causes extension of the spine
Innervation- anterior rami spinal nerve (T12-L4)

51
Q

Action and innervation of
Multifidus:

A

Series of tiny muscles, connecting adjacent vertebrae to each other; stabilize vertebrae and maintain posture
Innervation- posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

52
Q

Action and innervation of
Pec Minor and Major

A

Action:
Pec minor- Stabilizes the scapula
Pec major- Adducts and medically rotates the arm
Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

53
Q

Action and innervation of
Rhomboid Minor and Major

A

Action: Retracts the scapula
Innervation: Posterior scapular nerve

54
Q

Action and innervation of
Latissimus Dorsi:

A

Action: Extends, adducts and medially rotates the arm
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

55
Q

Action and innervation of
Deltoid:

A

Action: Aducts, flexes and extends the arm
Innervation: Axillary nerve

56
Q

Action and innervation of
Biceps:

A

Action: flexes elbow, supinates the forearm
Innervation: Musclulocutaneous nerve 

57
Q

Action and innervation of
Triceps:

A

Action: extends elbow, prime mover of elbow
Innervation: radial nerve

58
Q

Action and innervation of
Gluteus Max, med, min:

A

Action:
Max- extends and laterally rotates the thigh
Med and min: abduct and medially rotates the thigh
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (med&min), inferior gluteal nerve (max)

59
Q

Action and innervation of
Tensor Fasciae Latae:

A

Extends knee, laterally rotates tibia. Aid in abduction and medial rotation of femur during standing
Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve

60
Q

Action and innervation of
Piriformis:

A

Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh
-spinal nerve L5 to S2

61
Q

Action and innervation of
Sartorius:

A

Aids in knee and hip flexion (sitting/climbing) abducts and literally rotates thigh
Innervation- femoral nerve

62
Q

Action and innervation of
Bicep Femoris:

A

Flexes knee, extends hip, elevates trunk from stooping posture, laterally rotates femur when hip is extended
Innervation- long Tibial sciatic nerve??
Short Fibular sciatic nerve??

63
Q

Action and innervation of
Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Extends great toe
Dorsiflexes foot
-deep fibular (perineal nerve)

64
Q

Action and innervation of
Gastrocnemius:

A

Plantar flexes foot, flexes knee, (walking running and jumping)
-tibial nerve

65
Q

Action and innervation of
Flexor Hallicus longus:

A

Flexes phalanges of digit one as foot is raised from ground, stabilizes metatarsal heads
-tibial nerve

Anatomy 1 (16 decks)

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