Trauma Procedures

Question 1

During the first collision in a MVA, what occurs?

Answer 1

the vehicle strikes another object

Question 2

During the second collision, what occurs?

Answer 2

The victim collides with the interior of the vehicle

Question 3

During the third collision, what occurs?

Answer 3

The victim’s internal organs collide with the solid structures of the body. Most life-threatening!

Question 4

hemoptysis is a finding that suggest what injury following trauma?

Answer 4

bleeding in the lungs

Question 5

hematemesis is a finding that suggests what injury following trauma?

Answer 5

gastrointestinal bleeding

Question 6

describe a myocardial contusion

Answer 6

a bruise of the heart muscle that occurs due to blunt chest trauma

Question 7

what effect does a myocardial contusion have on the heart

Answer 7

decreases pumping function

Question 8

what injuries occur during the primary blast?

Answer 8

damage to hollow organs

Question 9

what injuries occur during the secondary blast phase?

Answer 9

when shrapnel and other debris are propelled away from the blast (impalement)

Question 10

what injuries occur during the tertiary blast phase?

Answer 10

blunt injuries, person being propelled way from the explosion.

Question 11

what is a coup-contracoup injury?

Answer 11

a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) where the brain sustains damage in two distinct locations (initial impact and opposite side)

Question 12

hyperflexion injury occurs when…

Answer 12

a joint is bent beyond its normal range of motion

Question 13

hyperextension injury occurs when…

Answer 13

occurs when a joint is forced beyond its normal range of motion in the opposite direction of flexion

Question 14

what must occur before displacing a limb to restore a pulse?

Answer 14

contact medical control

Question 15

vehicular crashes are labeled as…

Answer 15

frontal (head-on), rear-end, lateral (T-bone), rollover, and rotational (spins)

Question 16

a fall greater than ___ is considered significant

Answer 16

20 ft

Question 17

what is cavitation?

Answer 17

a phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullet’s path

Question 18

primary blast injuries are injuries due to…

Answer 18

the blast wave itself (pressure)

Question 19

secondary blast injuries are due to…

Answer 19

missiles being propelled by blast force

Question 20

tertiary blast injuries are injuries due to…

Answer 20

impact with another object

Question 21

quaternary blast injuries are injuries due to…

Answer 21

collateral injuries such as burns, crush injuries, and toxic inhalation

Question 22

in blast injuries, what is most susceptible to the pressure?

Answer 22

hollow organs like the middle ear, lungs, and GI tract

Question 23

what is pulmonary blast injuries?

Answer 23

pulmonary trauma resulting from short-range exposure to the detonation of high-energy explosives

Question 24

avoid giving what with pulmonary blast injuries?

Answer 24

giving oxygen under positive pressure

Question 25

what two symptoms are common after an intense pressure wave from an explosion?

Answer 25

bradycardia and hypotension

Question 26

describe a level 1 trauma center

Answer 26

providing total care for every aspect of injury, from prevention through rehab

Question 27

describe a level 2 trauma center

Answer 27

able to initiate definitive care for all injured patients

Question 28

describe a level 3 trauma center

Answer 28

able to provide prompt assessment, resuscitation, and stable injured patients

Question 29

describe a level 4 trauma center

Answer 29

able to provide advanced trauma life support before transfer

Question 30

describe crush syndrome

Answer 30

significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities remain trapped for prolonged periods. Develops when the body has been trapped for 4+ hours

Question 31

describe compartment syndrome

Answer 31

swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow

Question 32

how should you treat evisceration injuries?

Answer 32

cover them with sterile moist dressing (saline solution) and cover with occlusive dressing

Question 33

when are the only times you can remove an impaled object?

Answer 33

objects in the cheek or mouth obstructing breathing or objects in the chest that directly interfere with performing CPR

Question 34

describe an air embolism

Answer 34

a condition where air bubbles enter the bloodstream and block blood flow

Question 35

how do you treat a bite site?

Answer 35

place dry, sterile dressing over the wound

Question 36

what are the 5 factors to help you determine the severity of a burn?

Answer 36

1. depth of burn 2. extent of the burn 3. critical areas that are burned 4. pre-existing conditions? 5. age

Question 37

describe a full thickness burn

Answer 37

third degree burn, all layers of the skin are involved, may not have any feeling

Question 38

describe a partial-thickness burn

Answer 38

second degree burn, entire layer is not destroyed, skin is moist/mottled, white to red, blisters and very painful

Question 39

describe a superficial burn

Answer 39

first degree burn, only involved top layer of skin, red but does not blister

Question 40

when checking the respiratory system of a burn victim, check these...

Answer 40

-soot around the mouth and nose -singed nasal hairs -examine tongue and ask them to cough

Question 41

describe a traumatic aortic transection

Answer 41

also known as an aortic rupture, tear in the aorta caused by trauma, life threatening

Question 42

describe traumatic asphyxia

Answer 42

occurs when a sudden force is applied to the chest, results in sudden massive amounts of blood being shunted from the neck, face, and head.

Question 43

in a trauma patient, the blood vessels should be ____

Answer 43

constricting