OBGYN Flashcards
what is an ectopic pregnancy?
a pregnancy that develops outside of the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube
describe the signs and symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease.
abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, fevers and chills, burning when urinating, shuffle as you walk
describe the embryo
the early stages of development, first 10 weeks
describe a fetus
the developing and unborn infant inside the uterus, 10 weeks to birth
what role does the uterus play in pregnancy?
the muscular organ that encloses and protects the developing fetus. Produces contractions!
what is the placenta?
the tissue attached to the uterine wall that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord
describe the umbilical cord
the structure that connects the pregnant woman to the fetus via the placenta
what does the umbilical cord consist of?
two arteries and one vein
what do the umbilical arteries carry?
Carry oxygen-poor blood from the fetus to the placenta
what does the umbilical vein carry?
Carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
what is the amniotic sac?
the fluid-filled, bag-like membrane in which the fetus develops
what increases in the cardiovascular system when pregnancy occurs?
heart rate and blood volume
what is eclampsia?
a condition in the third trimester of pregnancy that gives hypertension and high levels of protein in the urine. At risk for seizures!
what is preeclampsia?
occurring after 20 weeks of gestation, hypertension, high levels of protein in the urine, blurred vision, headaches, and peripheral edema.
why do you lay pregnant women on their left side when in transport?
supine hypotensive syndrome! compression of the inferior vena cava
if bleeding occurs during 6-8 weeks of gestation, what condition may cause this?
ectopic pregnancy
if bleeding occurs after 20 weeks of gestation, what conditions may be ocurring?
abruptio placentae or placenta previa
describe abruptio placentae
premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus
describe placenta previa
the placenta develops over and covers the cervix
common causes of abruptio placentae?
hypertension and trauma
another term for spontaneous abortion and gestation definition
miscarriage, less than 20 weeks
what is meconium?
fetal stool, dark green amniotic fluid that indicates that the fetus may be in distress
describe the 3 stages of delivery and when they occur
- dilation of the cervix
- delivery of the fetus
- delivery of the placenta
what is primigravida?
first pregnancy!
what is multipgravida?
multiple pregnancies!
when you are in true labor, the ____ and _____ of _____ ______ with time.
the frequency and intensity of contractions increase with time
what is lightening?
the movement of the fetus down into the pelvis late in pregnancy
where should you cut the cord?
roughly 6 inches from the newborn
3 emergency situations:
-placenta not delivered after 30 minutes
-500mL of bleeding occurs before the delivery of the placenta
-significant bleeding occurs after the placenta is delivered
what occurs in the golden minute after the baby is born?
airway positioning and suctioning, drying, warming, and tactile stimulation
normal cardio and vascular function occurs within…
30 seconds
compression to ventilation ratio of a newborn?
3:1
when ventilating a newborn, what do you do with the O2? rate?
do not attach it to oxygen! 40-60 breaths a minute
if poor oxygen levels after 5 minutes and cyanosis is present…
place nonrebreather at 5 L/min and hold in front of their face.
describe a breech delivery
buttocks is delievered first
what to do for a breech delivery?
insert fingers into vagina to protect baby’s airway
what do you do if there is a limb presentation?
cannot deliver, rapid transport, elevate pelvis
what is a prolapse of the umbilical cord?
umbilical cord comes out of vagina first
what to do for a prolapsed cord?
elevate foot end and place in supine
if the baby is born with spina bifida, you should…
cover with occlusive dressing
what is spina bifida?
a development defect in which a portion of the spinal cord or meninges may protrude outside of the vertebrae or outside of the body
what defines a premature baby?
before 36 weeks gestation or less than 5 pounds
